非药物干预促进胃肠道恶性肿瘤患者术后功能恢复的最佳证据总结

doi:10.3761/j.issn.0254-1769.2022.02.016

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

目的全面检索和分析非药物干预在促进胃肠道恶性肿瘤患者术后胃肠道功能恢复的相关证据,并对最佳证据进行总结。方法按照6S证据资源金字塔模型,通过计算机检索UpToDate、Cochrane clinical answers、美国国立指南库、英国国家卫生与临床优化研究所、新西兰指南协作组、医脉通、Cochrane Library、PubMed、中国知网、万方、维普等数据库关于非药物干预促进胃肠道恶性肿瘤患者术后胃肠道功能恢复的临床决策、指南、专家共识、证据总结、系统评价,检索时限为2010年1月—2020年5月,由3名研究者独立对相关文献进行质量评价,并结合专业判断对最终纳入文献进行标准化的资料提取。结果共纳入文献15篇,包括4篇临床决策、1篇指南、3篇专家共识、7篇系统评价,总结了12条最佳证据,包括多策略干预、预防性胃肠减压、术后早期活动、咀嚼口香糖、饮用咖啡、针灸疗法等。结论该研究总结的最佳证据具有科学性与实用性,医护人员可遵循最佳证据为胃肠道恶性肿瘤术后患者制订促进胃肠道功能恢复的干预方案,促进循证实践。

关键词: 胃肠道恶性肿瘤, 胃肠道功能恢复, 非药物干预, 循证护理学

Abstract:

Objective To comprehensively retrieve and analyze the relevant evidence of non-pharmacological interventions in promoting the recovery of gastrointestinal function after gastrointestinal malignant tumor surgery,and to summarize the best evidence. Methods According to the 6S model of evidence-based resources,computerized search in websites and databases such as UpToDate,Cochrane clinical answers,National Guideline Clearing house,the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence,New Zealand Guidelines Group,Yimaitong,Cochrane Library,PubMed,CNKI,Wanfang Data,VIP,was conducted to collect relevant clinical decisions,guidelines,expert consensuses,evidence summaries,and systematic reviews on non-pharmaceutical interventions in promoting gastrointestinal function recovery after gastrointestinal malignant tumor surgery. 3 researchers evaluated the quality of the included literature independently,and combined the professional judgment to standardize the literature information extraction. Results A total of 15 articles were included,including 4 articles on clinical decision-making,1 guideline,3 expert consensuses,and 7 systematic reviews. 12 pieces of the best evidence were formed,including topics such as multimodal intervention,preventive gastrointestinal decompression,early postoperative activities,chewing gum,drinking coffee,and acupuncture therapy. Conclusion Medical staff can follow the best evidence to formulate intervention programs to promote the recovery of gastrointestinal function for patients with gastrointestinal malignant tumors after surgery,and promote evidence-based practice.

Key words: Gastrointestinal Malignancy, Gastrointestinal Function Recovery, Non-Pharmacological Intervention, Evidence-Based Nursing

高洪莲, 王春美, 王晓敏, 许丽娜, 王瑞知, 李书彦, 李滕, 李兴国. 非药物干预促进胃肠道恶性肿瘤患者术后功能恢复的最佳证据总结[J]. 中华护理杂志, 2022, 57(2): 215-222.

GAO Honglian, WANG Chunmei, WANG Xiaomin, XU Lina, WANG Ruizhi, LI Shuyan, LI Teng, LI Xingguo. Evidence summary for nonpharmacological interventions in promoting gastrointestinal function recovery after gastrointestinal malignancies surgery[J]. Chinese Journal of Nursing, 2022, 57(2): 215-222.

图/表 3

表1 文献检索策略

Table 1 Literature retrieval strategy table

表2 纳入文献的基本特征

Table 2 Characteristics of include studies

表3 促进胃肠道恶性肿瘤患者术后胃肠道功能恢复的最佳证据总结

Table 3 Evidence summary for promoting gastrointestinal function recovery after postoperative gastrointestinal malignancy

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