骨质疏松椎体压缩性骨折患者术后运动行为困境的质性研究

doi:10.3761/j.issn.0254-1769.2026.04.003

中华护理杂志 ›› 2026, Vol. 61 ›› Issue (4): 452-459.DOI: 10.3761/j.issn.0254-1769.2026.04.003

• 骨科患者围手术期安全与护理 • 上一篇下一篇

骨质疏松椎体压缩性骨折患者术后运动行为困境的质性研究

张颖¹(), 吕硕洋², 赵贵纯³, 蒋莹卿⁴, 黄立群⁵, 张红兵⁶, 杨惠林⁴, 倪莉⁴, 眭文洁⁷^,^*()

1.苏州大学附属第一医院全科医学科苏州市 215031
2.苏州大学医学部护理学院苏州市 215000
3.无锡市人民医院骨科无锡市 214023
4.苏州大学附属第一医院骨科苏州市 215031
5.苏州大学附属第一医院疼痛科苏州市 215031
6.苏州大学附属第一医院康复医学科苏州市 215031
7.苏州大学附属第一医院护理部苏州市 215031

收稿日期:2025-10-09 出版日期:2026-02-20 发布日期:2026-02-06
*通讯作者: 眭文洁，E-mail：xwsz8543@163.com
作者简介:张颖：女，硕士，副主任护师，E-mail：496301616@qq.com
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金(82572844)

A quantitative study on the dilemma of exercise in patients with osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures after surgery

ZHANG Ying¹(), LÜ Shuoyang², ZHAO Guichun³, JIANG Yingqing⁴, HUANG Liqun⁵, ZHANG Hongbing⁶, YANG Huilin⁴, NI Li⁴, SUI Wenjie⁷^,^*()

1. Department of General Medicine，the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University，Suzhou 215031，China
2. School of Nursing，Faculty of Medicine of Soochow University，Suzhou 215000，China
3. Department of Orthopedics，Wuxi People’s Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University，Wuxi 214023，China
4. Department of Orthopedics，the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University，Suzhou 215031，China
5. Department of Pain Treatment，the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University，Suzhou 215031，China
6. Rehabilitation Department，the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University，Suzhou 215031，China
7. Department of Nursing，the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University，Suzhou 215031，China

Received:2025-10-09 Online:2026-02-20 Published:2026-02-06
* Corresponding author: SUI Wenjie，E-mail：xwsz8543@163.com
Funding program:
National Natural Science Foundation of China(82572844)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

目的探讨骨质疏松椎体压缩性骨折患者术后运动行为困境，为临床护理干预提供参考依据。方法采用目的抽样方法，选取2024年11月—2025年1月在苏州市某三级甲等医院骨科门诊复诊的17例骨质疏松椎体压缩性骨折术后3个月的患者进行半结构式访谈，采用描述性现象学研究范式，通过Colaizzi 7步分析法提炼主题。结果共提炼出3个主题和9个亚主题：术后运动安全性的担忧（疼痛与恐惧交织、身体机能衰退与慢性病影响、脱离居家环境的不安）、术后运动有效性的疑虑（术后运动认知偏差、专业运动建议模糊、运动预期意义渺茫）、术后运动可行性的权衡（情感链接疏离、优先事件抉择、传统观念约束）。结论骨质疏松椎体压缩性骨折患者术后运动行为受诸多因素影响，医护人员应基于患者视角，构建运动安全防线，制订居家适配运动风险评估管理策略，塑造阶梯式运动目标管理体系，营造健康老龄化氛围，从多维度助力患者获得优质运动体验与康复效果，赋能患者实现运动自我管理。

关键词: 骨质疏松椎体压缩性骨折, 术后, 康复运动, 质性研究, 护理

Abstract:

Objective This study aims to explore the dilemma faced by patients with osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures regarding exercise after surgery，and to provide a reference for clinical nursing interventions. Methods A purposive sampling method was employed to select 17 patients who had undergone surgical intervention for osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures and returned for follow-up 3 months post-surgery at the orthopedic outpatient department of a tertiary hospital in Suzhou between November 2024 and January 2025. Paradigm of descriptive phenomenology were adopted，and Colaizzi’s 7-step analytical framework was applied to extract key themes. Results 3 primary themes and 9 sub-themes were identified from the analysis，including concerns about the safety of postoperative exercise（including the intermingling of pain and fear，the impact of deteriorating physical function and chronic diseases，as well as the unease of being away from the house），doubts about the effectiveness of postoperative exercise（including cognitive biases towards postoperative exercise，vague professional advice on exercise，and little meaning effects of exercise expectation），and considerations of the feasibility of postoperative exercise（including emotional link alienation，priority event choice，and constraints imposed by traditional beliefs）. Conclusion The exercise behavior of patients who have undergone surgery for osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures is affected by multiple factors. Medical professionals should adopt a patient-centered perspective to establish a safety framework for exercise，implement risk-sharing mechanisms for home-based fitness activities，create a tiered exercise goal management system，and foster an atmosphere of healthy aging. Through these multidimensional approaches，we can help patients achieve optimal exercise experiences and rehabilitation outcomes，empowering them to effectively manage their physical recovery through self-directed exercise regimens effectively.

Key words: Osteoporotic Vertebral Compression Fracture, Postoperative, Rehabilitation Exercise, Qualitative Research, Nursing Care

张颖, 吕硕洋, 赵贵纯, 蒋莹卿, 黄立群, 张红兵, 杨惠林, 倪莉, 眭文洁. 骨质疏松椎体压缩性骨折患者术后运动行为困境的质性研究[J]. 中华护理杂志, 2026, 61(4): 452-459.

ZHANG Ying, LÜ Shuoyang, ZHAO Guichun, JIANG Yingqing, HUANG Liqun, ZHANG Hongbing, YANG Huilin, NI Li, SUI Wenjie. A quantitative study on the dilemma of exercise in patients with osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures after surgery[J]. Chinese Journal of Nursing, 2026, 61(4): 452-459.

图/表 1

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骨质疏松椎体压缩性骨折患者术后运动行为困境的质性研究

A quantitative study on the dilemma of exercise in patients with osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures after surgery

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