中老年脑卒中患者及家庭照顾者家庭弹性、护理能力与衰弱间的关系研究

doi:10.3761/j.issn.0254-1769.2026.03.010

中华护理杂志 ›› 2026, Vol. 61 ›› Issue (3): 361-367.DOI: 10.3761/j.issn.0254-1769.2026.03.010

中老年脑卒中患者及家庭照顾者家庭弹性、护理能力与衰弱间的关系研究

李修平¹(), 梁娇娇¹, 王玲玲², 付琴³, 侯铭⁴, 李萍⁴^,^*()

1.新疆医科大学护理学院乌鲁木齐市 830011
2.新疆维吾尔自治区人民医院神经内科乌鲁木齐市 830001
3.新疆维吾尔自治区人民医院急诊乌鲁木齐市 830001
4.新疆维吾尔自治区人民医院护理部乌鲁木齐市 830001

收稿日期:2025-09-15 出版日期:2026-02-10 发布日期:2026-02-03
*通讯作者: 李萍，E-mail：1483746409@qq.com
作者简介:李修平：女，本科（硕士在读），E-mail：1585637652@qq.com
基金资助:
新疆维吾尔自治区自然科学基金(2022D01C830)

A study on the relationship between family resilience，care ability，and frailty in middle-aged and older stroke patients and their family caregivers

LI Xiuping¹(), LIANG Jiaojiao¹, WANG Lingling², FU Qin³, HOU Ming⁴, LI Ping⁴^,^*()

1. School of Nursing，Xinjiang Medical University，Urumqi 830011
2. Department of Neurology，People’s Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region，Urumqi 830001
3. Emergency Department，People’s Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region，Urumqi 830001
4. Nursing Department，People’s Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region，Urumqi 830001

Received:2025-09-15 Online:2026-02-10 Published:2026-02-03
* Corresponding author: LI Ping，E-mail：1483746409@qq.com
Funding program:
Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region Natural Science Foundation Project(2022D01C830)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

目的通过主客体互倚中介模型分析中老年脑卒中患者及家庭照顾者家庭弹性、护理能力对衰弱的影响。方法采取便利抽样法，选取2025年1—7月于新疆某三级甲等医院神经内科住院的247对中老年脑卒中患者及其家庭照顾者作为调查对象，采用一般资料调查表、家庭弹性评估量表、修正版自我护理能力评估量表、照顾者对脑卒中患者自我护理贡献量表和中文版Tilburg衰弱量表进行调查，应用AMOS 28.0软件构建家庭弹性、护理能力与衰弱的主客体互倚中介模型。结果共回收有效问卷236对，有效问卷回收率为95.5%。中老年脑卒中患者和家庭照顾者家庭弹性得分分别为（121.57±10.84）（125.84±7.63）分，患者自我护理得分为（47.13±4.86）分，照顾者对脑卒中患者自我护理贡献得分为（65.16±6.31）分，患者和家庭照顾者衰弱得分分别为4.5（3.0，5.5）分和2.0（1.5，3.4）分。主客体互倚中介模型显示，中老年脑卒中患者及家庭照顾者家庭弹性能够负向预测自身衰弱（β_患者=-0.39，P<0.001；β_{家庭照顾者}= -0.26，P=0.019）；患者自我护理对自身衰弱具有负向预测作用（β_患者=-0.36，P<0.001）。患者及家庭照顾者家庭弹性能够负向预测对方衰弱（β_{患者→家庭照顾者}=-0.29，P=0.016；β_{家庭照顾者→患者}=-0.18，P=0.024）。中介分析结果显示，患者自身的自我护理在家庭弹性与衰弱间起中介作用（β_患者=-0.048，P<0.001，95%CI=-0.069~-0.031）。结论中老年脑卒中患者及家庭照顾者的家庭弹性、护理能力与衰弱之间相互关联。提示医护人员应将患者与家庭照顾者视为二元整体制订针对性干预策略，进而降低双方衰弱发生风险。

关键词: 脑卒中, 家庭照顾者, 衰弱, 家庭弹性, 护理能力

Abstract:

Objective Analyzing the effects of family resilience and care ability on frailty in middle-aged and older stroke patients and their family caregivers using the actor-partner interdependence mediation model. Methods By the convenient sampling method，247 pairs of middle-aged and older stroke patients and their family caregivers were selected from January to July in the neurology department of a tertiary hospital in Xinjiang. Data were collected using the following instruments，including a general information questionnaire，the Family Resilience Assessment Scale，the Revised Self-Care Ability Scale，Caregiver Contribution to Self-Care of Stroke Patient Inventory，and the Chinese version of the Tilburg Frailty Indicator. AMOS 28.0 software was employed to construct an actor-partner interdependence mediation model examining family resilience，self-care，and frailty. Results 236 valid dyads were collected，with an effective rate of 95.5%. The family resilience scores of stroke patients and their family caregivers were（121.57±10.84） and （125.84±7.63）. Patients’ self-care score was （47.13±4.86），while caregi-vers’ contribution to patient self-care scored（65.16±6.31）. Frailty scores were 4.5（3.0，5.5） and 2.0（1.5，3.4）. The results of actorpartner interdependence mediation model showed that family resilience in stroke patients and their family caregivers could negatively predict their own frailty（β patients=-0.39，P<0.001；β family caregivers=-0.26，P=0.019）. Patients’ self-care could negatively predict their own frailty（β patients=-0.36，P<0.001）. family resilience in stroke patients and their family caregivers could negatively predict each other’s frailty（β patients→family caregi-vers=-0.29，P=0.016；β family caregivers→patients=-0.18，P=0.024）. Mediation analysis showed that self-care mediated the relationship between family resilience and frailty in stroke patients（β patients=-0.048，P<0.001，95%CI=-0.069~-0.031）. Conclusion There are interrelationships among family resilience，care ability，and frailty in middle-aged and older stroke patients and their family caregivers. Healthcare professionals should develop targeted interventions considering patients and caregivers as a dyadic unit to reduce frailty risk in both parties.

Key words: Stroke, Family Caregiver, Frailty, Family Resilience, Care Ability

李修平, 梁娇娇, 王玲玲, 付琴, 侯铭, 李萍. 中老年脑卒中患者及家庭照顾者家庭弹性、护理能力与衰弱间的关系研究[J]. 中华护理杂志, 2026, 61(3): 361-367.

LI Xiuping, LIANG Jiaojiao, WANG Lingling, FU Qin, HOU Ming, LI Ping. A study on the relationship between family resilience，care ability，and frailty in middle-aged and older stroke patients and their family caregivers[J]. Chinese Journal of Nursing, 2026, 61(3): 361-367.

图/表 3

表1 中老年脑卒中患者及其家庭照顾者的一般资料（n=236）

Table 1 General information of middle-aged and older stroke patients and their family caregivers（n=236）

表2 中老年脑卒中患者及家庭照顾者家庭弹性、护理能力与衰弱的相关性（n=236，r值）

Table 2 Correlation between family resilience，care ability，and frailty in middle-aged and older stroke patients and their family caregivers（n=236，r value）

图1 脑卒中患者及家庭照顾者家庭弹性、护理能力与衰弱间的主客体互倚中介模型注：虚线表示路径系数P>0.05；实线表示路径系数P<0.05。

Figure 1 Actor-partner interdependence mediation model of family resilience，care ability，and frailty in stroke patients and their family caregivers

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中老年脑卒中患者及家庭照顾者家庭弹性、护理能力与衰弱间的关系研究

A study on the relationship between family resilience，care ability，and frailty in middle-aged and older stroke patients and their family caregivers

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