药物自我管理行为对社区老年慢性共病患者衰弱的影响研究

doi:10.3761/j.issn.0254-1769.2026.01.002

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

目的调查社区老年慢性共病患者药物自我管理行为及衰弱的现状，并探讨药物自我管理行为对衰弱的影响，从而为社区护理实践提供参考。方法采用便利抽样法，于2024年12月—2025年3月，选取河南省开封市336例社区老年慢性共病患者作为调查对象，采用一般资料调查表、药物自我管理行为量表和中文版Tilburg衰弱评估量表进行调查。利用分层多元线性回归分析探索药物自我管理行为对社区老年慢性共病患者衰弱的影响。结果共回收有效问卷312份。社区老年慢性共病患者衰弱的得分为（4.25±2.63）分，衰弱发生率为36.22%，药物自我管理行为量表得分为（74.14±8.16）分。分层多元线性回归分析结果显示，社区老年慢性共病患者药物自我管理行为可独立解释衰弱18.2%的变异度。结论社区老年慢性共病患者药物自我管理行为处于中等水平，衰弱发生率较高，药物自我管理行为是衰弱的重要影响因素。医护人员应采取针对性的措施提高社区老年慢性共病患者药物自我管理行为水平，以达到预防和延缓衰弱的目的。

关键词: 老年人, 慢性共病, 药物自我管理行为, 衰弱, 社区护理

Abstract:

Objective To investigate the current status of medication self-management behavior and frailty among community-dwelling older adults with chronic multimorbidity，and to explore the impact of medication self-management behavior on frailty，providing a reference for community nursing practice. Methods Using a convenience sampling method，336 older adults with chronic multimorbidity in Kaifeng City，Henan Province were selected as participants between December 2024 and March 2025. Data were collected using a General Information Questionnaire，the Medication Self-Management Behavior Scale，and the Chinese version of the Tilburg Frailty Indicator（TFI）. Hierarchical multiple linear regression analysis was employed to explore the influence of medication self-management behavior on frailty. Results 312 valid questionnaires were collected. The frailty score among community-dwelling older adults with chronic multimorbidity was（4.25 ± 2.63） points，with a frailty prevalence rate of 36.22%. The score on the Medication Self-Management Behavior Scale was（74.14 ± 8.16） points. Results from the hierarchical regression analysis showed that medication self-management behavior independently explained 18.2% of the variance in frailty among these patients. Conclusion Medication self-management behavior among community-dwelling older adults with chronic multimorbidity is at a moderate level，while the prevalence of frailty is relatively high. Medication self-management behavior is a significant influencing factor for frailty. Healthcare professionals should implement tailored interventions to improve medication self-management behavior levels in this population，aiming to prevent and delay the onset of frailty.

Key words: Aged, Chronic Multimorbidity, Medication Self-Management Behavior, Frailty, Community Care

茹秀丽, 韩梦丹, 纪莉莉, 周丽娜, 李雪雯, 张亦爽. 药物自我管理行为对社区老年慢性共病患者衰弱的影响研究[J]. 中华护理杂志, 2026, 61(1): 17-22.

RU Xiuli, HAN Mengdan, JI Lili, ZHOU Lina, LI Xuewen, ZHANG Yishuang. Effect of medication self-management behavior on frailty among community-dwelling older adults with chronic multimorbidity[J]. Chinese Journal of Nursing, 2026, 61(1): 17-22.

图/表 4

表1 社区老年慢性共病患者一般资料及衰弱的单因素分析（n=312）

Table 1 Univariate analysis of general data and frailty in community elderly patients with chronic comorbidities（n=312）

表2 社区老年慢性共病患者衰弱得分情况（n=312）

Table 2 Frailty scores among community-dwelling older adults with chronic multimorbidity（n=312）

表3 自变量赋值情况

Table 3 Assignment of independent variables

表4 社区老年慢性共病患者衰弱影响因素分层回归分析结果（n=312）

Table 4 Results of hierarchical regression analysis on factors influencing frailty among community-dwelling older adults with chronic multimorbidity （n=312）

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