Application of virtual reality-based shoulder rehabilitation training in postoperative patients with adhesive capsulitis

doi:10.3761/j.issn.0254-1769.2026.17.009

Abstract

Abstract:

Objective To investigate the effects of virtual reality（VR）-based shoulder rehabilitation training on postoperative rehabilitation outcomes in patients with adhesive capsulitis，and improve rehabilitation effectiveness through to provide evidence for clinical nursing practice. Methods Using convenience sampling，74 patients with primary adhesive capsulitis who underwent arthroscopic capsular release at a tertiary A hospital in Qingdao，between November 2024 and November 2025 were enrolled. Participants were randomly allocated to an experimental group（n=37） or a control group（n=37） using a coin-tossing procedure. The intervention group received shoulder rehabilitation training based on virtual reality technology in addition to routine nursing care，while the control group received routine nursing care alone. The intervention lasted for 4 weeks. Shoulder pain scores，kinesiophobia levels，and shoulder range of motion were compared between the 2 groups at 2 and 4 weeks after intervention. Results A total of 36 participants in the experimental group and 37 participants in the control group completed the study. Repeated-measures analysis of variance revealed significant group and time interaction effects for shoulder pain scores，kinesiophobia scores，and shoulder range of motion，including abduction，forward flexion，and external rotation（P<0.05）. After 2 and 4 weeks of intervention，the experimental group showed significantly lower shoulder pain and kinesiophobia scores and significantly greater shoulder range of motion than the control group（P<0.05）. Conclusion VR-based shoulder rehabilitation training effectively reduced pain and kinesiophobia and improved shoulder range of motion in postoperative patients with adhesive capsulitis.

Key words: Adhesive Capsulitis, Upper Extremity Function, Virtual Reality Technology, Gamified Score Training, Rehabilitation, Nursing Care

摘要：

目的探讨基于虚拟现实的肩关节康复训练在粘连性肩关节囊炎术后患者康复中的应用效果，旨在为临床护理实践提供借鉴。方法采用便利抽样法，选取2024年11月—2025年11月青岛市某三级甲等医院收治的74例原发性粘连性肩关节囊炎并行关节镜下松解术术后患者作为研究对象，采用掷硬币法为试验组和对照组，每组各37例。试验组在常规护理的基础上接受基于虚拟现实的肩关节康复训练，对照组接受常规护理，干预时间为4个周。比较两组干预2、4周后肩关节疼痛程度、运动恐惧水平、肩关节活动度差异。结果重复测量方差分析结果显示，两组疼痛得分、运动恐惧得分、肩关节外展、前屈、体侧外旋活动度的组间与时间存在交互效应，差异均有统计学意义（P<0.05）。干预2、4周后，试验组肩关节疼痛程度、运动恐惧水平低于对照组，肩关节活动度优于对照组，差异均具有统计学意义（P<0.05）。结论基于虚拟现实的肩关节康复训练能有效缓解粘连性肩关节囊炎术后患者疼痛及运动恐惧水平，改善其肩关节活动度。

关键词: 粘连性肩关节囊炎, 上肢功能, 虚拟现实, 游戏积分训练, 康复, 护理

JIA Huiying, MENG Jing. Application of virtual reality-based shoulder rehabilitation training in postoperative patients with adhesive capsulitis[J]. Chinese Journal of Nursing, 2026, 61(17): 2367-2373.

贾会英, 孟静. 基于虚拟现实的肩关节康复训练在粘连性肩关节囊炎术后患者中的应用研究[J]. 中华护理杂志, 2026, 61(17): 2367-2373.

Figures/Tables 4

Table 1 Virtual reality-based shoulder rehabilitation training program

Table 2 Baseline characteristics of the 2 groups

Table 3 Comparison of pain scores and kinesiophobia scores between the 2 groups before and after the intervention（score，$\overline{x}\pm s$）

Table 4 Comparison of shoulder range of motion before and after intervention between the 2 groups（°，$\overline{x}\pm s$）

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