Abstract:

Objective To develop an expert consensus on subcutaneous injection for allergen-specific immunotherapy. Methods Relevant domestic and international literature was reviewed，and nursing experts who had experiences in subcutaneous injection of allergen-specific immunotherapy were interviewed to form the initial draft of the consensus. A total of 85 experts from 42 hospitals nationwide were invited to participate in discussions. 2 rounds of expert consultations，adjustments，revisions，and improvements were made to the initial draft，and an online meeting was held to form the final version of the consensus. The content approved by more than 75% of the expert group is adopted，or it will be discussed or deleted. Results The expert consensus includes operational standards for subcutaneous injection of allergen-specific immunotherapy，identification and management of adverse reactions，and health education. Conclusion The consensus demonstrates strong scientific rigor and practicality，providing guidance for nursing practices in the field of clinical allergology.

Key words: Allergen-Specific Immunotherapy, Subcutaneous Injection, Nursing Care, Expert Consensus

摘要：

目的 制订变应原特异性免疫治疗皮下注射护理的专家共识（以下简称“共识”）。方法 查阅国内外相关文献，并对具有变应原特异性免疫治疗皮下注射经验的护理专家进行访谈，形成“共识”初稿，邀请国内42所医院的85名相关专家参与讨论，通过3轮专家咨询及专家论证，结合专家提出的53条意见对初稿进行修改，对于不清晰的内容，查找资料、讨论完善，专家组75%以上人员通过的方案，达成共识内容；低于75%通过率再进行查证或剔除。邀请变应原特异性免疫治疗专家及护理专家再次进行审核，形成终版“共识”。结果 “共识”包括变应原特异性免疫治疗概念及意义、变应原特异性免疫治疗皮下注射操作规范、不良反应的识别及处理、健康宣教等。结论 该“共识”具有较强的科学性及实用性，能够为变态反应临床专科的护理工作提供指引。

关键词: 变应原特异性免疫治疗, 皮下注射, 护理, 专家共识