Abstract:

Objective To develop an assessment scale of hypothermia risks in trauma patients pre-hospital and in 3 hours after admission,and to test its reliability and validity. Methods The draft assessment scale of hypothermia risks was constructed by the literature analysis method and 2 rounds of Delphi consultations. The data of 91 patients with trauma was collected,and the items screening and the test of reliability and validity were carried out. Results The scale had 2 dimensions,11 first-level items and 25 second-level items. The exploratory factor analysis identified 2 principal factors,and the accumulative contribution of variance was 58.171%. The load value of common factors of each item was between 0.535~0.877. The correlation coefficient of the effective standard was 0.804;the area under the ROC curve was 0.924;the confidence interval of 95% was 0.866~0.982（P<0.001）;the Cronbach’s α coefficient of the scale was 0.875. Conclusion The assessment scale of hypothermia in trauma patients has good reliability and validity,and can be used in clinical practice to assist in the identification and prediction of hypothermia.

Key words: Trauma, Hypothermia, Scale, Nursing Assessment, Reliability, Validity

摘要：

目的 研制应用于院前及入院后3 h内的创伤患者低体温风险评估量表并验证其信效度。方法 通过文献分析法和专家咨询法构建创伤患者低体温风险评估初始量表,并收集91例创伤患者的资料,进行条目筛选和信效度检验。结果 构建的量表包括2个维度,11个一级条目,25个二级条目;探索性因子分析共提取出2个公因子,累计方差贡献率为58.171%;各条目在其所属公因子的负荷值为0.535~0.877;效标（耳温）相关系数为0.804,预测创伤患者低体温的ROC曲线下面积为0.924,95%的置信区间为0.866~0.982（P<0.001）,总量表的Cronbach’s α系数为0.875。结论 创伤患者低体温风险评估量表具有较好的信效度,可作为临床辅助低体温识别和预测的工具。

关键词: 创伤, 低体温, 量表, 护理评估, 信度, 效度