Abstract:

Objective To explore the effects of teach-back method on improving dietary adherence and nutritional status in peritoneal dialysis patients. Methods The lottery method was used to randomly determine patients with peritoneal dialysis in the new hospital district as the experimental group and patients in the old district as the control group,and 40 cases were conveniently selected in each group. The experimental group was applied with diet management based on teach-back method as well as routine diet management. The control group was applied with only routine diet management. Results Three months after discharge,there were significant differences in total scores of Renal Adherence Attitudes Questionnaire（RAAQ） and Renal Adherence Behaviour Questionnaire（RABQ）（t=5.856,P<0.001;t=6.168,P<0.001） between two groups,the intakes in three-day diet diary such as protein（t=4.124,P<0.001）,dietary calories（t=-2.033,P=0.045）,total calories（t=-2.061,P=0.043）,sodium（t=-5.918,P<0.001）,potassium（t=-2.352,P=0.021） and drinking water（t=-3.448,P=0.001） were significantly improved. The score of Subjective Global Assessment（ χ²=6.646,P=0.010）,the nutritional indicators such as hemoglobin（t=2.247,P=0.036） and albumin（t=2.547,P=0.017） were significantly improved. Conclusion Applying teach-back method into diet management among peritoneal dialysis patients can improve patients' dietary adherence,form a good diet behavior,and improve nutritional status.

Key words: Teach-back Method, Peritoneal Dialysis, Dietary Adherence, Nutritional Status

摘要：

目的 探讨回授法饮食管理对改善腹膜透析患者饮食依从性及营养状况的效果。方法 采用抽签法,将新院区腹膜透析患者纳入试验组,老院区患者纳入对照组,分别便利抽取40例,试验组在常规饮食管理的基础上,实施回授法饮食管理,对照组实施常规饮食管理。结果 干预3个月后,试验组饮食依从态度总分、饮食依从行为总分均高于对照组,差异有统计学意义（P<0.001）;3日饮食日记结果中蛋白质、饮食热量、总热量、钠、钾、液体摄入量等与对照组相比,差异均有统计学意义（P<0.05）;与对照组相比,试验组营养不良发生率降低（ χ²=6.646,P=0.010）,血红蛋白（t=2.247,P=0.036）、白蛋白水平（t=2.547,P=0.017）有所改善。结论将回授法应用到腹膜透析患者的饮食管理中可提高患者的饮食依从性,督促患者形成良好的饮食行为,改善患者的营养状况。

关键词: 回授法, 腹膜透析, 饮食依从性, 营养状况