Abstract:

Objective To investigate the effects of intervention strategies based on self-efficacy theory on nutritional status and cancer-induced fatigue（CRF） after total thoracoscopic esophageal cancer. Methods A total of 119 patients with esophageal cancer admitted to the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University from January 2017 to December 2020 were selected by convenience sampling method. They were divided into an experimental group（n=59） and a control group（n=60） according to random number method. Patients in the control group received conventional nursing,while patients in the experiment group take the self-efficacy theory as the instruction intervention strategy. The self-efficacy,nutritional status and T₄ CRF of 2 groups of patients were compared in the hospital（T₀）,1 month after discharge（T₁）,3 months after discharge（T₂）,6 months after discharge （T₃）,and 1 year after discharge（T₄）. Results The self-efficacy score of the experimental group was higher than that of the control group at different time points after intervention,and the risk score of nutritional status was lower than that of the control group,with statistical significances（P<0.05）. At T₄,the CRF score of the experiment group （33.90±6.30） was significantly lower than that of control group（44.93±7.66）（P<0.001）. Conclusion Nursing intervention strategies based on self-efficacy theory can significantly increase the self-efficacy of patients after thoracoscopic esophageal cancer surgery,improve their nutritional status,and alleviate CRF.

Key words: Esophageal Cancer, Self-Efficacy Theory, Nursing Intervention Strategy, Nutritional Status, Cancer Fatigue, Perioperative Nursing

摘要：

目的 探讨基于自我效能理论的护理干预对食管癌根治术后患者营养状况以及癌因性疲乏的影响。 方法 采用便利抽样法,选取南昌市某三级甲等医院2017年1月—2020年12月收治的119例食管癌根治术后患者作为研究对象,按照随机数字表法将其分为试验组（n=59）与对照组（n=60）。试验组采取基于自我效能理论的护理干预,对照组接受术后常规护理干预,比较两组在出院时（T₀）、出院后1个月（T₁）、出院后3个月（T₂）、出院后6个月（T₃）以及出院后1年（T₄）的自我效能感、营养状况、癌因性疲乏情况。 结果 重复测量方差分析结果显示,干预后不同时间点试验组健康行为自我效能感量表得分均高于对照组,营养风险筛查表2002得分均低于对照组,差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）;在T₄时,试验组癌因性疲乏量表得分为（33.90±6.30）分,显著低于对照组的（44.93±7.66）分,差异具有统计学意义（P<0.001）。 结论 基于自我效能理论的护理干预可显著增加食管癌根治术后患者的自我效能感、改善其营养状况、缓解癌因性疲乏。

关键词: 食管癌, 自我效能感理论, 护理干预策略, 营养状况, 癌因性疲乏, 围手术期护理