Analysis of latent classes and influencing factors of frailty in patients with non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma during chemotherapy

doi:10.3761/j.issn.0254-1769.2026.08.006

Abstract

Abstract:

Objective To explore the trajectory and influencing factors of frailty in patients with non-Hodgkin Lymphoma（NHL） during chemotherapy，and to provide evidence for clinical interventions. Methods By the convenience sampling method，266 NHL patients hospitalized in the Department of Hematology of 5 tertiary hospitals in Henan Province from January to September 2025 were selected as the participants. The general information questionnaire，Tilburg Frailty Assessment Scale，Montreal Cognitive Assessment Basic Scale，Short Physical Performance Battery，Global Health Literacy Scale，Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale，Control of Nutritional Status Scale were used to investigate before chemotherapy，at the end of the third cycle of chemotherapy，and at the end of chemotherapy. The growth mixed model was used to classify frailty trajectory of NHL patients during chemotherapy and analyze its influencing factors. Results Finally，252 patients completed the follow-up. The frailty trajectory of NHL patients during chemotherapy was divided into 4 potential categories：high frailty-rapid improvement group（15.08%），high frailty-slow deterioration group（11.90%），low frailty-stable group（67.46%） and low frailty-rapid deterioration group（5.56%）. The results of multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that lymphocyte count，hemoglobin concen-tration，Montreal Cognitive Assessment Scale score，Short Physical Performance Battery score，and family monthly income were the influencing factors of the potential categories of frailty in NHL patients during chemotherapy（P<0.05）. Conclusion There is heterogeneity in frailty trajectory of patients with NHL during chemotherapy. Nurses should develop targeted interventions based on these frailty trajectories and related influencing factors.

Key words: Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma, Chemotherapy, Frailty, Latent Classes, Root Cause Analysis, Nursing Care

摘要：

目的探讨非霍奇金淋巴瘤（non-Hodgkin lymphoma，NHL）患者化疗期衰弱轨迹的潜在类别及影响因素，为临床干预提供依据。方法便利选取2025年1-9月在河南省5所公立三级甲等医院血液内科住院的266例NHL患者为调查对象。采用一般资料调查表、Tilburg衰弱评估量表、蒙特利尔认知评估基础量表、简易体能状况量表、全面健康素养测量量表、广泛焦虑障碍量表、控制营养状况评分量表，在化疗前、化疗第3周期末、化疗疗程结束时进行调查，采用增长混合模型对NHL患者化疗期的衰弱轨迹进行分类，并分析其影响因素。结果最终252例患者完成随访。NHL患者化疗期衰弱轨迹分为高衰弱-快改善组（15.08%）、高衰弱-慢恶化组（11.90%）、低衰弱-平稳组（67.46%）、低衰弱-急恶化组（5.56%）4个潜在类别。多分类Logistic回归分析结果显示，淋巴细胞计数、血红蛋白浓度、蒙特利尔认知评估基础量表得分、简易体能状况量表得分、家庭平均月收入是NHL患者化疗期衰弱轨迹潜在类别的影响因素（P<0.05）。结论 NHL患者化疗期衰弱轨迹存在群体异质性，医护人员应根据其衰弱轨迹及相关影响因素制订针对性的干预措施。

关键词: 非霍奇金淋巴瘤, 化疗, 衰弱, 潜在类别, 影响因素分析, 护理

ZHANG Ying, DU Ruofei, YANG Huimin, DU Yating. Analysis of latent classes and influencing factors of frailty in patients with non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma during chemotherapy[J]. Chinese Journal of Nursing, 2026, 61(8): 1051-1058.

张莹, 杜若飞, 杨惠敏, 杜亚婷. 非霍奇金淋巴瘤患者化疗期衰弱轨迹的潜在类别及影响因素研究[J]. 中华护理杂志, 2026, 61(8): 1051-1058.

Figures/Tables 4

Table 1 Fitting results of latent class models for frailty trajectories during chemotherapy in non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma patients（n=252）

Figure 1 Frailty trajectories during chemotherapy in patients with different potential categories of non-Hodgkin lymphoma

Table 2 Univariate analysis results of potential categories of fatigue trajectories during chemotherapy in non-Hodgkin lymphoma patients（n=252）

Table 3 Results of multivariate logistic regression analysis of the frailty trajectory of patients with non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma（n=252）

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