Abstract:

Objective To develop a home skin care guidance scheme for newborns，and initially implement it to reducing the risk of skin-related issues. Methods Searching both domestic and international databases，we identified relevant literature. Following a quality evaluation，evidence integration，and group discussions，we developed the content of the home skin care guidance for newborns. Subsequently，we refined this content through 2 rounds of expert consultations to finalize the scheme. To initially implement the scheme，we conveniently selected 20 healthy newborns born between August 1st and 15th，2024，at a tertiary-level comprehensive hospital in Fujian Province as an experimental group. Their parents received skin care guidance based on our scheme via a WeChat platform. In contrast，we selected another group of 20 healthy newborns delivered between July 1st and 15th，2024，at the same hospital as a control group；their parents were provided with conventional skin care guidance. We compared the incidence rates of diaper dermatitis and eczema between these 2 groups of newborns at a month of age. Results A total of 33 experts from 30 tertiary hospitals across 19 provinces（including autonomous regions and municipalities） were invited to participate in a questionnaire survey. The response rates for both rounds of expert questionnaires reached 100%. The authority coefficients for the experts were recorded at 0.78 and 0.83，while the Kendall concordance coefficients were found to be 0.188 and 0.142（all P<0.001）. The final newborn home skin care guidance scheme consists of 6 first-level items，41 second-level items，such as the selection of newborn care products，methods for neonatal bathing and prevention of neonatal diaper dermatitis，and so on. Preliminary application results indicated that the incidence of diaper dermatitis in the experimental group was significantly lower than that observed in the control group，with a statistically significant difference noted（P=0.047）. There was no significant difference in the incidence of eczema between the 2 groups at the age of a month（P=0.201）. Conclusion The Neonatal Home Skin Care Guidance Scheme for newborns has been demonstrated to be scientific，reliable and feasible. The implementation of this scheme has proven beneficial in reducing the incidence of diaper dermatitis at a month of age. However，the sample size needs to be expanded to further verify its implementation effect.

Key words: Newborn, Skin, Diaper Dermatitis, Eczema, Pediatric Nursing

摘要：

目的 构建新生儿居家皮肤护理指导方案，并评价其应用效果，以降低其皮肤问题的发生风险。方法 检索国内外数据库，获取相关文献，经质量评价、证据整合、研究小组讨论后，拟订方案初稿，并通过2轮专家函询对内容进行修订，确定方案终稿。初步应用时，便利选取2024年8月1日—15日在福建省某三级甲等综合医院产科分娩的20名健康新生儿及其父母作为试验组，以微信平台为载体，基于方案内容，对父母进行新生儿皮肤护理指导。选取2024年7月1日—15日在该医院分娩的20名健康新生儿及其父母作为对照组，对父母进行新生儿常规皮肤护理指导。比较两组新生儿1月龄时尿布皮炎及湿疹的发生率。结果 共邀请19个省（区、市）30所三级甲等医院的33名专家进行函询。2轮专家函询中，有效问卷回收率均为100%；专家的权威系数分别为0.78、0.83；肯德尔和谐系数分别为0.188、0.142（均P<0.001）。最终形成的新生儿居家皮肤护理指导方案包含新生儿护理用品的选择、新生儿沐浴、新生儿尿布皮炎的预防等6项一级条目，41项二级条目。初步应用结果显示，试验组尿布皮炎发生率低于对照组，差异具有统计学意义（P=0.047）。两组湿疹发生率比较，差异无统计学意义（P=0.201）。结论 构建的新生儿居家皮肤护理指导方案具有科学性、可靠性及可行性，应用该方案有助于降低新生儿1月龄时尿布皮炎发生率，但还需扩大样本量进一步验证其应用效果。

关键词: 新生儿, 皮肤, 尿布皮炎, 湿疹, 儿科护理学