Abstract:

Objective To assess the current status and influencing factors of high-risk populations for osteosarcopenia in elderly community residents，and to construct a health portrait for this group，revealing population characteristics and differences. Methods A convenience sampling method was employed to recruit 800 community-dwelling older adults in Hangzhou，China，between August and December 2024. Data were collected using the following validated instruments，namely the General Information Questionnaire，Age-adjusted Charlson Comorbidity Index，Chinese version of the Nutritional Form for the Elderly，Osteoporosis Self-Efficacy Scale，Social Frailty Screening Tool，Osteoporosis Risk One-Minute Test，and Osteoporosis Self-Assessment Tool for Asians. Additionally，objective physical measurements were obtained，including calf circumference，handgrip strength，and five-times sit-to-stand test time. The influencing factors were analyzed using univariate analysis and binary logistic regression，and two-step cluster analysis was employed for clustering to construct group profiles. Results 770 valid questionnaires were collected. The detection rate of high-risk osteosarcopenia in the elderly community is 27.53%. Older age，low BMI，prolonged sitting，chronic pain，low intake of soy products，low osteoporosis self-efficacy，and high social frailty are associated with a higher risk of osteosarcopenia. Totally 3 population portraits were constructed through clustering，including health-maintenance type，risk-ignoring type，and active management type. Conclusion The detection rate of high-risk elderly individuals with osteosarcopenia in communities is relatively high，with significant differences across groups. Intervention strategies can be proposed based on different group characteristics，providing a reference for precise interventions.

Key words: Aged, Sarcopenia, Osteoporosis, Community Nursing, User Portraits

摘要：

目的 了解社区老年肌少-骨质疏松症高危人群现状，并构建老年肌少-骨质疏松症高危人群的群体健康画像，为社区护理实践提供参考。 方法 采用便利抽样法，于2024年8月—12月，选取杭州市800名社区老年人作为调查对象。采用一般资料调查表、年龄校正Charlson合并症指数、老年人营养量表、骨质疏松症自我效能量表、社会衰弱筛查量表、社会支持评定量表、骨质疏松风险1 min测试和亚洲人骨质疏松自我筛查工具进行问卷调查，并测量小腿围、握力以及5次起坐时间。采用单因素分析和二元Logistic回归分析影响因素，使用二阶聚类法进行聚类构建群体画像。 结果 回收有效问卷770份。社区老年肌少-骨质疏松症高危人群检出率为27.53%，年龄大、低BMI、经常久坐、慢性疼痛、豆制品摄入少、骨质疏松自我效能低及社会衰弱程度高的社区老年人发生肌少-骨质疏松症的风险较高。聚类构建出三类群体画像：现状维持型、隐患忽视型、积极管理型。 结论 社区老年肌少-骨质疏松症高危人群检出率较高，不同群体之间存在差异性，可根据不同的群体特征提出干预对策，为其精准化干预提供参考。

关键词: 老年人, 肌少症, 骨质疏松症, 社区护理, 用户画像