Abstract:

To summarize the nursing care of a very low birth weight premature infant with severe type Ⅱ bronchopulmonary dysplasia（BPD） during the transition period from hospitalization to home. The care of the infant was provided one-on-one by a BPD specialist nurse throughout the period. The key points of transitional care from hospitalization to home include：implementing tracheotomy and mechanical ventilation care to ensure stable blood oxygen saturation of the infant；providing nutritional support to improve the nutritional status of the infant；implementing step-by-step rehabilitation measures to improve the neuromotor development of the infant；implementing family integrated care to promote the primary caregivers of the infant to master nursing knowledge and skills；conducting personalized discharge follow-up with a multidisciplinary team to improve the quality of home care for this infant. After being hospitalized for 106 days，the infant was successfully discharged with a tracheotomy tube. At the age of 2 years and 6 months，a tracheotomy closure surgery was performed. After the surgery，the infant was able to breathe autonomously without symptoms of breathing difficulties and returned to normal family life.

Key words: Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia, Infant, Very Low Birth Weight, Premature, Transition Period, Neonatal Nursing

摘要：

总结1例重度Ⅱ型支气管肺发育不良（bronchopulmonary dysplasia，BPD）极低出生体重早产儿从住院到家庭过渡期的护理。该患儿由BPD专病护士全程进行一对一护理，其从医院到家庭过渡期的护理要点：实施气管切开及机械通气护理，确保患儿血氧饱和度稳定；提供营养支持，改善患儿的营养状况；实施循序渐进的康复训练，改善患儿的神经运动发育；实施家庭参与式护理，促进患儿的主要照护者掌握照护知识与技能；开展多学科团队个体化出院随访，提高患儿居家护理质量。患儿住院106 d后顺利带气管切开套管出院，2岁6个月时行气管切开闭合术，术后患儿可自主呼吸，无呼吸困难症状，回归正常家庭生活。

关键词: 支气管肺发育不良, 婴儿, 极低出生体重, 早产儿, 过渡期, 新生儿护理