Abstract:

Objective The current situation of disaster preparedness ability of clinical nurses in general hospitals was investigated and analyzed，and the possible factors affecting the disaster preparedness ability of nurses were discussed，so as to provide theoretical basis for carrying out targeted training to improve the disaster preparedness ability of nurses and guiding the dispatch of disaster rescue nurses. Methods From August to September 2022，with convenience sampling method and general information questionnaire and Readiness Estimate and Deploy Ability Index，clinical nurses from 2 to 3 tertiary general hospitals in each region were selected to conduct questionnaire survey. Results A total of 1 048 valid questionnaires were collected，and the total score of clinical nurses’ disaster preparedness ability was （118.71±29.17） scores，and the average score of each item was（3.21±0.79） scores. The scores of the items of identity were generally higher than those of the items of disaster rescue ability. Among the 6 dimensions of the scale，disaster care ability scored the lowest，with only（2.64±1.04） points. Nurses’ working years，educational background，batch treatment experience，confidence in completing diversified tasks and the unit’s normal first-aid training mechanism were the possible factors influencing clinical nurses’ disaster preparedness ability（P<0.05）. Conclusion In this study，nurses’ disaster preparedness ability was at a medium level，and the scores of various dimensions and items of disaster preparedness ability were significantly different. Affected by various factors，nursing managers should attach importance to the training of nurses’ disaster preparedness ability，establish an evaluation，hierarchical training and assessment mechanism，and continuously improve nurses’ comprehensive ability to deal with emergencies.

Key words: Clinical Nurses, Disaster Preparedness Ability, Disaster Identity, Root Cause Analysis, Nursing Administration Research

摘要：

目的 调查综合医院临床护士的灾害救护准备能力，并分析护士灾害救护准备能力的影响因素，为开展针对性的培训提供指导。 方法 2022年8月—9月，采用便利抽样法，以国内7大行政区域为中心，每个区域内选取2~3所三级综合医院，使用一般资料调查问卷和战备能力评估量表对临床护士进行调查。 结果 共回收有效问卷1 048份，临床护士灾害救护准备能力总分为（118.71±29.17）分，条目均分为（3.21±0.79）分。量表6个维度中条目均分最低的是灾害护理能力维度，为（2.64±1.04）分。护士的工作年限、学历、突发公共卫生事件批量伤员救治经历、完成多样化任务的信心及常态化的急救能力训练是临床护士灾害救护准备能力的影响因素（P<0.05）。 结论 护士灾害救护准备能力处于中等准备水平，灾害护理能力有待提高，护理管理者应重视护士灾害救护准备能力的培训，建立评估、分层培训与考核机制，持续提高护士应对突发事件的综合能力。

关键词: 临床护士, 灾害救护准备能力, 灾害认同感, 影响因素分析, 护理管理研究