Abstract:

Objective To systematically evaluate and integrate the psychosocial adaptation experience of patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma undergoing radiotherapy，providing a reference for optimizing psychosocial support strategies. Methods We searched databases including PubMed，Embase，Web of Science，Cochrane Library，CINAHL，CNKI，Wanfang，VIP，and CBM Database. The literature of qualitative research on the psychosocial adaptation experience of patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma from the establishment of the database to March 2026 was retrieved. Literature quality was assessed using the Australian JBI Quality Evaluation Criteria for Qualitative Research in Evidence-based Health Care Centers（2016），and the results were consolidated using an aggregative integration approach. Results A total of 96 themes were extracted，and 7 new categories were formed after induction and integration，which were finally merged into 3 integrated results，including facing psychosocial adaptation difficulties，generating a need for external support，and adopting diverse coping strategies. Conclusion Healthcare professionals should pay attention to the psychosocial adaptation difficulties，support needs，and coping strategies of patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma undergoing radiotherapy，provide comprehensive intervention guidance，establish a medical-family-peer support system，assist patients in overcoming challenges，and improve their overall quality of life.

Key words: Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma, Psychology, Social Adjustment, Coping Skills, Qualitative Research, Meta-Synthesis

摘要：

目的 系统评价与整合关于鼻咽癌放疗患者心理社会适应体验的质性研究，为优化患者心理社会支持策略提供参考。 方法 检索PubMed、Embase、Web of Science、Cochrane Library、CINAHL、中国知网、万方数据库、维普数据库、中国生物医学文献数据库等数据库，获取涉及鼻咽癌放疗患者心理社会适应体验的质性研究，检索时限为建库至2026年3月。采用2016版澳大利亚乔安娜布里格斯研究所循证卫生保健中心质性研究质量评价标准评价文献质量，并应用汇集性整合方法进行结果整合。 结果 共纳入22篇文献，提炼出96个研究主题，归纳为7个类别，最终汇合为3个整合结果：面临心理社会适应困境、产生对外界支持的需求、采取多样化的应对策略。 结论 医护人员应重视鼻咽癌放疗患者所面临的心理社会适应困境、支持需求及应对策略，提供综合性的干预指导，构建医疗-家庭-同伴支持系统，帮助患者走出困境，改善整体生活质量。

关键词: 鼻咽癌, 心理, 社会适应, 应对策略, 质性研究, Meta整合