Abstract:

With the increasing incidence of chronic diseases，the research is conducted to actively explore out of hospital management models for chronic disease patients globally. Among them，virtual ward is a management model based on multidisciplinary team collaboration to provide professional medical and nursing services for unplanned hospitalization high-risk population. This model not only facilitates the transition of patients from inpatient settings to home environments，improving disease prognosis and reducing hospitalization risk，but also alleviates the bed burden on large hospitals. This article provides a review of the concept，development，construction of the operational system，and patient management processes of virtual wards，and offers insights and suggestions to provide references for the optimization and development of out of hospital management models for chronic disease patients in China.

Key words: Virtual Ward, Chronic Disease, Remote Monitoring, Digital Platform, Review, Nursing Administration Research

摘要：

随着慢性病发生率的逐年增高，国内外研究正在积极探索慢性病患者的院外管理模式。其中，虚拟病房是一种基于多学科团队协作，为非计划入院高风险人群提供专业医疗护理服务的管理模式。该模式不仅有助于促进患者由住院环境向居家环境的过渡，改善疾病预后，降低再住院风险，还能减轻大型医院的床位负担。该文对虚拟病房的概念、发展情况、运行体系建设、患者管理流程进行综述，并提出启示和建议，以期为国内慢性病患者院外管理模式的优化和发展提供参考。

关键词: 虚拟病房, 慢性病, 远程监测, 数字平台, 综述, 护理管理研究