Abstract:

Objective To develop an expert consensus on subcutaneous injection nursing for allergic asthma in children，standardize nursing practice to reduce the occurrence of related adverse reactions. Methods The clinical guideline，expert consensus，systematic review，evidence summary and original research on subcutaneous injection of monoclonal antibody drug for children with allergic asthma were comprehensively searched in domestic and foreign databases. The time limit for retrieval was from the establishment of databases until August 2023. Combined with clinical practice experience，the first draft of the consensus was formed. From December 2023 to February 2024，27 experts were invited to conduct 2 rounds of expert letter consultation，revise and improve the contents of the first draft，and expert demonstration was conducted，and finally a consensus final draft was formed. Results The effective recovery rate of the 2 rounds of letter consultation questionnaires was 100%；the authority coefficient of experts was 0.88；the judging basis coefficient was 0.93；the familiarity coefficient was 0.83. In the 2 rounds of correspondence，the Kendall concordant coefficients of expert opinions were 0.241 and 0.252，respectively（P<0.001 for both）. The consensus includes 6 parts，including personnel management，environmental layout，indications and contraindications，subcutaneous injection operation norms，identification and treatment of adverse reactions，and health education. Conclusion The consensus is strongly scientific and practical，and can provide guidance for nursing practice of subcutaneous injection of monoclonal antibodies in children with allergic asthma.

Key words: Allergic Asthma, Monoclonal Antibody Drug, Subcutaneous Injection, Pediatric Nursing, Expert Consensus

摘要：

目的 制订过敏性哮喘患儿单抗药物皮下注射护理专家共识（以下简称“共识”），规范护理实践，以减少相关不良反应的发生风险。方法 全面检索国内外数据库中关于过敏性哮喘患儿单抗药物皮下注射的指南、专家共识、系统评价、证据总结及原始研究等文献，检索时限为建库至2023年8月。结合临床实践经验，形成“共识”初稿。2023年12月—2024年2月，邀请27名专家进行2轮专家函询，对初稿内容进行修改、完善，并进行专家论证，形成“共识”终稿。结果 2轮函询问卷的有效回收率均为100%，专家的权威系数为0.88、判断依据系数为0.93、熟悉程度系数为0.83。2轮函询中，专家意见的肯德尔和谐系数分别为0.241和0.252（均P<0.001）。“共识”包括人员管理、环境布局、适应证及禁忌证、皮下注射操作规范、不良反应的识别与处理、健康教育等6个部分。结论 该“共识”具有较强的科学性及实用性，能为过敏性哮喘患儿单抗药物皮下注射提供指导。

关键词: 过敏性哮喘, 单抗药物, 皮下注射, 儿科护理学, 专家共识