简短的正念干预在围手术期患者中应用的范围综述

doi:10.3761/j.issn.0254-1769.2026.05.019

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

目的对简短的正念干预在围手术期患者中的应用进行范围综述，系统梳理其应用范围、干预方案及效果，为临床护理实践提供参考。方法系统检索PubMed、Embase、CINAHL、Web of Science、Scopus、ProQuest、Cochrane Library、中国知网、万方数据库和中国生物医学文献数据库，检索时限为建库至2025年8月20日，对纳入文献进行分析总结。结果共纳入16篇文献，其中随机对照试验14篇，非随机对照试验2篇。简短的正念干预应用对象主要为局部麻醉手术患者，干预形式主要为媒介引导式，干预内容包括身体扫描、慈心冥想、觉察呼吸等，干预频次为每2周1次至每天1次，单次时长为1 min至1 h，总周期为1 d至6周，在改善患者焦虑、抑郁、疲劳等方面有积极效果，但在缓解疼痛方面效果尚不一致。结论简短的正念干预具有较高可行性，对改善围手术期患者身心健康状态有积极作用，其应用范围相对局限，干预方案异质性较大。未来研究可拓展至区域麻醉和全身麻醉手术患者，构建并验证不同围手术期情境的标准化干预方案。

关键词: 简短正念, 围手术期, 心理护理, 范围综述

Abstract:

Objective To conduct a scoping review on the application of brief mindfulness-based interventions in perioperative surgical patients，systematically summarizing their application scope，intervention protocols，and effects，so as to provide references for clinical practice. Methods A systematic search was conducted in PubMed，Embase，CINAHL，Web of Science，Scopus，ProQuest，Cochrane Library，CNKI，Wanfang Database，and CBM. The search period was from the inception of the databases to August 20，2025. The included literature was analyzed and summarized. Results A total of 16 papers were included，consisting of 14 randomized controlled trials and 2 non-randomized controlled trials. The target population for brief mindfulness-based interventions was primarily patients undergoing surgery under local anesthesia. The intervention forms were mainly media-guided，and the content included body scan，loving kindness meditation，and mindful breathing. The intervention frequency ranged from once every 2 weeks to once daily，with single session durations ranging from 1 min to 1 h，and the total duration ranged from 1 day to 6 weeks. The interventions showed positive effects in improving patients’ anxiety，depression，and fatigue，but the efficacy in pain relief remained inconsistent. Conclusion Brief mindfulness-based interventions demonstrate high feasibility and have a positive effect on improving the physical and mental health status of perioperative surgical patients. However，the application scope is relatively limited，and there is significant heterogeneity in intervention protocols. Future research should expand to patients undergoing surgery under regional and general anesthesia，and construct and validate standardized intervention protocols tailored to different perioperative contexts.

Key words: Brief Mindfulness, Perioperative Period, Psychological Care, Scoping Review

旷婉, 祝敏, 胡露红. 简短的正念干预在围手术期患者中应用的范围综述[J]. 中华护理杂志, 2026, 61(5): 707-714.

KUANG Wan, ZHU Min, HU Luhong. Brief mindfulness-based interventions in perioperative surgical patients：a scoping review[J]. Chinese Journal of Nursing, 2026, 61(5): 707-714.

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