虚拟现实技术在癌症患者心理干预中应用的范围综述

doi:10.3761/j.issn.0254-1769.2025.04.015

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

目的对虚拟现实技术在癌症患者心理干预中的应用研究进行范围审查，明确其干预类型和内容、干预结局指标以及效果，为提高癌症患者的心理健康水平提供参考。方法系统检索PubMed、Embase、Web of Science、Scopus、Cochrane Library、中国知网、万方数据库中的相关研究，检索时限为建库至2023年10月11日，对纳入文献进行分析总结。结果共纳入22篇文献，虚拟现实技术包括非沉浸式和沉浸式虚拟现实，干预内容主要包括虚拟现实放松疗法、虚拟现实暴露疗法、虚拟现实回忆疗法，结局指标主要涉及焦虑、抑郁、痛苦、疼痛、疲乏、睡眠及生活质量、应对、虚拟现实副作用等。结论基于虚拟现实技术的癌症患者心理干预种类及内容丰富，对癌症患者改善身心健康有积极作用，其内容要素及结局指标评价工具存在较大异质性，在应用中存在一定局限性，日后应考虑癌症患者的特殊性，探究虚拟现实技术对于癌症患者心理干预方法的规范流程。

关键词: 虚拟现实, 癌症, 心理护理, 范围综述

Abstract:

Objective To conduct a scoping review of the current state of research on the application of virtual reality technology in psychological interventions for cancer patients，clarifying its types，forms，contents，intervention effects，and outcome indicators，and to provide the improvement of mental health in cancer patients. Methods A literature search was conducted on PubMed，Embase，Web of Science，Scopus，Cochrane Library，China National Knowledge Infrastructure，and Wanfang Data up to October 11，2023. The selected literature was screened，included，and analyzed for content summary. Results A total of 22 studies were included，involving both non-immersive and immersive virtual reality technologies，with various systems or programs used for intervention. The primary interventions include virtual reality relaxation therapy，virtual reality exposure therapy，and virtual reality reminiscence therapy. The outcome indicators primarily include anxiety，depression，distress，pain，fatigue，sleep，quality of life，coping，and side effects of virtual reality. Conclusion The use of virtual reality technology for psychological interventions in cancer patients offers a variety of forms and rich content，which has a positive impact on improving the physical and mental health of cancer patients. However，there is significant heterogeneity in the content elements and outcome measure tools，leading to certain limitations in its application. In the future，the specific needs of cancer patients should be considered，and the procedural norms for virtual reality-based psychological interventions should be explored.

Key words: Virtual Reality, Neoplasms, Psychological Nursing, Scoping Review

任雅钰, 高春华, 卢芳燕, 郑力, 王华芬. 虚拟现实技术在癌症患者心理干预中应用的范围综述[J]. 中华护理杂志, 2025, 60(4): 486-492.

REN Yayu, GAO Chunhua, LU Fangyan, ZHENG Li, WANG Huafen. Virtual reality technology-based psychological intervention for patients with cancer：a scoping review[J]. Chinese Journal of Nursing, 2025, 60(4): 486-492.

图/表 3

图1 PubMed检索策略

Figure 1 Retrieval strategies based on PubMed

图2 文献筛选流程

Figure 2 Flow chart of literature screening

表1 纳入文献的基本特征（n=22）

Table 1 General characteristics of the included studies（n=22）

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