21个省份护理管理者领导力与心理韧性的相关性分析

doi:10.3761/j.issn.0254-1769.2023.15.010

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

目的调查护理管理者领导力与心理韧性的现状，并探讨两者之间的关系，为制订提升护理管理者领导力的相关策略提供参考。方法 2022年11月—2023年2月，便利选取来自21个省（区、市）的1 806名护理管理者作为调查对象，采用一般资料调查表、心理韧性量表和多因素领导力问卷进行问卷调查。采用Pearson相关性分析和多元线性回归分析，探讨护理管理者领导力与心理韧性之间的关系。结果回收有效问卷1 804份，有效问卷回收率为99.89%。心理韧性量表条目均分为（3.88±0.56）分，多因素领导力问卷条目均分为（2.46±0.41）分，均处于较高水平，两者间呈正相关（r=0.669，P<0.001）。多元线性逐步回归分析结果显示，护理管理者的年龄、所在医院等级、学术组织兼职数量和心理韧性是领导力的主要影响因素（P<0.05），共同解释了领导力总变异的46.0%。结论护理管理者的领导力处于较高水平，增强心理韧性有助于领导力水平的提升。

关键词: 领导力, 心理韧性, 影响因素分析, 护理管理研究

Abstract:

Objective To investigate the status of psychological resilience and leadership of nursing managers and analyze the relationship between them and provide references for developing strategies related to enhance leadership of nursing managers. Methods A total of 1806 nursing managers from 21 provinces were investigated by general questionnaire，Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale（CD-RISC） and Multi-factor Leadership Questionnaire （MLQ-5X） from November 2022 to February 2023. Pearson correlation and multiple regression were used to analyze the relationship between psychological resilience and leadership of nursing managers. Results 1 804 questionnaires were collected，with a valid recovery rate of 99.89%. The score of CD-RISC（3.88±0.56） and MLQ-5X（2.46±0.41） were at a relatively high level，and there was a positive correlation between them（r=0.669，P<0.001）. The results of multiple regression analysis showed that among job characteristics，in addition to age，hospital level，participation in academic organization were the main influencing factors on leadership. In addition，psychological resilience（β=0.483，P<0.001） could exert positive influence on leadership. Psychological resilience and job characteristics together could explain 46.0% of the total variance in leadership. Conclusion Leadership of nursing managers was at a medium to high level，and psychological resilience positively influence on leadership. The study suggests that there is still room for improvement in leadership levels，and the improvement of resilience will be helpful for the enhancing of leadership.

Key words: Leadership, Psychological Resilience, Root Cause Analysis, Nursing Administration Research

赵芹芹, 刘云, 崔慧霞, 姚秀钰, 吴欣娟, 李峥, 刘华平. 21个省份护理管理者领导力与心理韧性的相关性分析[J]. 中华护理杂志, 2023, 58(15): 1852-1857.

ZHAO Qinqin, LIU Yun, CUI Huixia, YAO Xiuyu, WU Xinjuan, LI Zheng, LIU Huaping. Correlation analysis of psychological resilience and leadership of nursing managers in 21 provinces[J]. Chinese Journal of Nursing, 2023, 58(15): 1852-1857.

图/表 5

表1 调查对象的一般资料及不同特征护理管理者领导力和心理韧性得分比较（n=1 804）

Table 1 Comparison of general information，scores of leadership and psychological resilience of the respondents with different characteristics（n=1 804）

表2 护理管理者多因素领导力问卷和心理韧性量表得分情况（n=1 804）

Table 2 Scores of MLQ-5X and Chinese version of CD-RISC for nursing managers（n=1 804）

表3 调查对象心理韧性与领导力的相关性分析（r值）

Table 3 Correlation analysis between psychological resilience and leadership（r value）

表4 自变量赋值方式

Table 4 Assignment methods of independent variables

表5 护理管理者领导力的多元线性逐步回归分析（n=1 804）

Table 5 Multiple liner regression analysis of psychological resilience on leadership（n=1 804）

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