关键词: 肿瘤, 静脉血栓栓塞症, 疾病感知, 自我调节常识模型, 质性研究, 护理

Abstract:

Objective To describe the illness perceptions of patients with cancer-associated thrombosis（CAT），to gain an in-depth understanding of the characteristics and existing problems of their illness perceptions，and to provide a basis for subsequent precision interventions based on illness perception assessment. Methods Guided by the Common-Sense Model of Self-Regulation as the theoretical framework，a descriptive qualitative study design was adopted. Purposive sampling was used to select 17 patients with CAT for semi-structured interviews. Data were analyzed using Colaizzi’s seven-step method. Results A total of 4 themes and 12 sub-themes regarding the patients’ illness perceptions of venous thromboembolism（VTE） were extracted：①cognitive biases in illness perceptions（to identity biases in perception of disease symptoms，biases in causal attribution，biases in disease course expectation，biases in consequence perception，and perceived lack of control）；②individual differences in coping behaviors influenced by illness perception（information avoidance driven by low perceived control，passive compliance driven by externalized control，and active self-management driven by high perceived control）；③mul-tidimensional burden experience influenced by illness perception（superimposed perception of multiple physical consequences and multidimensional intertwining of negative emotions）； ④treatment decision-making dilemmas influenced by illness perception（impact of consequence prioritization under multimorbidity on anticoagulation therapy，impact of cognitive conflict under polypharmacy on acceptance of anticoagulation）. Conclusion CAT patients exhibit cognitive biases in VTE illness perceptions，significant individual differences in coping behaviors，multidimensional burden，and treatment decision-making conflicts. Future interventions based on illness perception assessment and precision strategies should be implemented to promote positive coping and improve prognosis.

Key words: Cancer, Venous Thromboembolism, Illness Perception, Common-Sense Model of Self-Regulation, Qualitative Research, Nursing Care