老年髋部骨折患者术后居家运动康复体验的质性研究

doi:10.3761/j.issn.0254-1769.2025.10.003

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

目的探讨老年髋部骨折患者术后居家运动康复体验，为开展髋部骨折患者康复期运动干预提供借鉴。方法采用目的抽样法，选取2023年8月—2024年6月于北京市某三级甲等医院关节外科住院并行手术治疗的13例老年髋部骨折术后患者作为研究对象，进行半结构式访谈，采用内容分析法整理、分析访谈资料。结果老年髋部骨折患者术后居家运动康复体验可归纳为多维度内驱自我赋能、个性化技巧灵活运用、全周期平衡动态重建3个主题及13个类别。结论老年髋部骨折患者术后居家运动康复体验丰富，涵盖自我赋能、运动技巧和平衡重建等内容。护士应加强长期随访，根据患者全周期居家运动康复的真实体验和感受，积极协助患者自我赋能和运用各类运动技巧，不断重建平衡，以实现全面康复。

关键词: 髋部骨折, 老年人, 运动康复, 体验, 质性研究, 护理

Abstract:

Objective This qualitative study aimed to explore the home-based exercise rehabilitation experiences of elderly patients after hip fracture surgery，in order to provide references for exercise intervention during rehabilitation period. Methods Objective sampling method was used to select 13 elderly hip fracture patients who were hospitalized in the joint surgery department of a tertiary A hospital in Beijing from August 2023 to June 2024 as the research subjects. Semi-structured interviews were conducted，and the interview data were sorted and analyzed by content analysis method. Results The home-based exercise rehabilitation experience of elderly patients after hip fracture surgery can be summarized into 3 themes，including multi-dimensional self-empowerment，use of dynamic personalized skills，full cycle balance reconstruction. Conclusion Patients after hip fracture surgery have rich experiences in home exercise rehabilitation，including self-empowerment，exercise skills and balance reconstruction. Nursing staff should strengthen long-term follow-up，according to the real experience and feeling of the patient’s home exercise rehabilitation in the whole cycle，actively assist the patients to self-empower，and use various exercise skills to constantly rebuild balance to achieve rehabilitation.

Key words: Hip Fracture, Aged, Exercise Rehabilitation, Experience, Qualitative Research, Nursing Care

李汶静, 王莹, 赵福云, 李若琳, 陈璐, 刘均娥. 老年髋部骨折患者术后居家运动康复体验的质性研究[J]. 中华护理杂志, 2025, 60(10): 1171-1176.

LI Wenjing, WANG Ying, ZHAO Fuyun, LI Ruolin, CHEN Lu, LIU Jun’e. Experiences of postoperative home-based exercise rehabilitation in elderly patients with hip fracture：a qualitative study[J]. Chinese Journal of Nursing, 2025, 60(10): 1171-1176.

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