基于健康行为改变整合理论的护理干预对糖尿病视网膜病变患者的影响

doi:10.3761/j.issn.0254-1769.2024.03.008

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

目的探讨基于健康行为改变整合理论的护理干预对糖尿病视网膜病变患者健康行为的影响。方法采用便利抽样法，选取湖北省武汉市某三级甲等医院2022年7月—12月收治的157例糖尿病视网膜病变患者作为试验组，实施基于健康行为改变整合理论的护理干预；选取2022年1月—6月住院的156例糖尿病视网膜病变患者作为对照组，实施常规护理。比较干预前、干预6个月后两组的疾病认知问卷评分、自我管理问卷评分及生存质量量表评分。结果干预6个月后，两组的疾病认知问卷评分、自我管理问卷评分、生存质量量表评分均改善，且试验组优于对照组，差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。结论基于健康行为改变整合理论的护理干预有助于提高糖尿病视网膜病变患者的疾病认知，建立并维持健康行为，提高患者的自我管理水平，改善其生存质量。

关键词: 健康行为改变整合理论, 糖尿病视网膜病变, 自我管理, 健康行为, 护理

Abstract:

Objective To explore the effect of nursing intervention based on the integrated theory of health behavior change（ITHBC） on the health behavior of patients with diabetes retinopathy（DR）. Methods 157 patients with diabetes retinopathy admitted from July to December 2022 in a tertiary A hospital in Wuhan，Hubei Province，were selected as the experimental group by convenience sampling method，while 156 patients with diabetes retinopathy hospitalized from January to June 2022 were selected as the control group，and routine nursing was carried out. The disease cognition scale scores，self-management scale scores，and quality of life scale scores were compared between the 2 groups before and after 6 months of intervention. Results After 6 months of intervention，the disease cognition scale scores，self-management scale scores，and quality of life scale scores of both groups improved，and the results in the experimental group were better than these in the control group，and the difference is statistically significant（P<0.05）. Conclusion Nursing interventions based on the ITHBC theory can help improve the disease cognition of DR patients，establish and maintain healthy behaviors，improve their self-management level，and improve their quality of life.

Key words: Integrative Theory of Health Behavior Change, Diabetic Retinopathy, Self-Management, Health Behavior, Nursing Care

胡哲, 雷丹丹, 赵益, 杨阳, 高月. 基于健康行为改变整合理论的护理干预对糖尿病视网膜病变患者的影响[J]. 中华护理杂志, 2024, 59(3): 300-307.

HU Zhe, LEI Dandan, ZHAO Yi, YANG Yang, GAO Yue. The effect of nursing intervention based on the integrated theory of health behavior change on the health behavior of patients with diabetes retinopathy[J]. Chinese Journal of Nursing, 2024, 59(3): 300-307.

图/表 5

表1 基于健康行为改变整合理论的护理干预方案

Table 1 Specific content of the nursing intervention plan based on the integrated theory of health behavior change

表2 两组一般资料比较

Table 2 Comparison of 2 sets of general information

表3 两组干预前后疾病认知水平比较（分，$ \bar{x} \pm s$）

Table 3 Comparison of disease cognition levels between 2 groups of patients before and after intervention（scores，$ \bar{x} \pm s$）

表4 两组干预前后自我管理水平比较（分，$ \bar{x} \pm s$）

Table 4 Comparison of self-management levels between 2 groups before and after intervention（scores，$ \bar{x} \pm s$）

表5 两组干预前后生存质量得分比较（分，$ \bar{x} \pm s$）

Table 5 Comparison of quality of life scores between 2 groups before and after intervention（scores，$ \bar{x} \pm s$）

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