急诊急救专科护士工作重塑在职业资本与工作投入间的中介效应研究

doi:10.3761/j.issn.0254-1769.2024.23.004

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

目的基于工作要求-资源模型，探讨急诊急救专科护士工作重塑在职业资本与工作投入间的中介效应，为培养高素质专科护士，提升其工作投入水平提供参考。方法采用配额抽样法，于2023年2月—4月，选取63所医院的1 035名急诊急救专科护士作为调查对象，采用一般资料调查表、简化版工作投入量表、职业资本量表、工作重塑量表进行调查。采用结构方程模型检验急诊急救专科护士工作重塑在职业资本与工作投入间的中介效应。结果最终963名急诊急救专科护士参与调查。急诊急救专科护士简化版工作投入量表、职业资本量表、工作重塑量表的总分依次为（48.50±12.36）、（56.37±7.72）、（91.18±10.96）分，均处于中等偏上水平。急诊急救专科护士职业资本对工作投入具有正向作用（β=0.54，P<0.001），工作重塑对工作投入具有正向作用（β=0.24，P<0.001），工作重塑在职业资本与工作投入间产生部分中介效应（效应值为0.19），占总效应的26.23%。结论急诊急救专科护士工作重塑为职业资本与工作投入的中介变量，护理管理者应注重急诊急救专科护士在专科培养过程中的职业资本积累，探索产生积极工作重塑行为的方式，从而进一步提高其工作投入水平。

关键词: 急诊急救, 专科护士, 工作投入, 职业资本, 工作重塑, 护理管理研究

Abstract:

Objective To explore the mediating effect of job crafting between career capital and work engagement among emergency specialist nurses from the perspective of job demand-resource theory，so as to provide a basis for training high-quality specialist nurses and improving their work engagement level. Methods A questionnaire survey was conducted among 1 035 emergency specialist nurses in 63 hospitals in China from February to April 2023 by quota sampling. They were investigated with general information questionnaire，work engagement scale，career capital scale and job crafting scale. The structural equation model was used to analyze the mediating effect of emergency specialist nurses’ job crafting between career capital and work engagement. Results 963 nurses participated in the survey. The total scores of work engagement scale，career capital scale，job crafting scale were 48.50±12.36 points，56.37±7.72 points，91.18±10.96 points，which were all above the medium level. Career capital has a positive effect on work engagement（β=0.54，P<0.001），and job crafting has a positive effect on work engagement（β=0.24，P<0.001）. Emergency specialist nurses’ job crafting had an indirect effect on career capital and work engagement（effect value 0.19），accounting for 26.23% of the total effect. Conclusion Emergency specialist nurses’ job crafting is a mediator between career capital and work engagement. Nursing managers should pay attention to the career capital accumulation of emergency specialist nurses in the process of specialty training，and explore ways to produce positive job crafting behavior，thus further improving the work engagement level.

Key words: Emergency, Specialty Nurse, Work Engagement, Career Capital, Job Crafting, Nursing Administration Research

叶文秀, 金静芬, 兰美娟, 张玉萍. 急诊急救专科护士工作重塑在职业资本与工作投入间的中介效应研究[J]. 中华护理杂志, 2024, 59(23): 2841-2846.

YE Wenxiu, JIN Jingfen, LAN Meijuan, ZHANG Yuping. The mediating effect of job crafting between career capital and work engagement among emergency specialist nurses[J]. Chinese Journal of Nursing, 2024, 59(23): 2841-2846.

图/表 4

表1 调查对象的一般资料（n=963）

Table 1 General information of participants（n=963）

表2 急诊急救专科护士简化版工作投入量表、职业资本量表及工作重塑量表的得分（分，$\bar{x}\pm s$，n=963）

Table 2 Scores on the Simplified Version of the Work Engagement Scale, the Career Capital Scale and the Job Crafting Scale for nurses specialist in acute emergency care（score，$\bar{x}\pm s$，n=963）

表3 急诊急救专科护士工作投入与职业资本、工作重塑的相关性分析（r值）

Table 3 The correlation analysis between emergency specialist nurses’ work engagement, career capital and job crafting（r value）

图1 急诊急救专科护士工作重塑在职业资本与工作投入间的中介效应模型

Figure 1 The mediating effect of emergency specialist nurses’ job crafting between career capital and work engagement

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