关键词: 社区, 老年人, 主观认知下降, 危险因素, Meta分析, 循证护理学

Abstract:

Objective To clarify the risk factors of subjective cognitive decline of the elder adults in communities by Meta-analysis. Methods The cohort studies and case-control studies on the risk factors of subjective cognitive decline of the elder adults in communities were searched by computer in CNKI，VIP，WanFang data，CBM，PubMed，Cochrane Library，EMbase，CINAHL，PsycInfo，and Web of Science. The search time was from the inception of databases until September 2022. After literature screening，data extraction，and quality evaluation，RevMan 5.4 software was used for Meta-analysis. Results A total of 20 articles were involved，including 28 risk factors. The risk factors with statistical significance were female（OR=1.66），advanced age（OR=1.05），low education （OR=1.08），lack of physical exercise（OR=1.32），depression（OR=1.20），and poor sleep quality（OR=1.91），hearing loss（OR=2.01），hypertension（OR=1.79） and low level of social support（OR=1.51）. Conclusion The elderly in communities who are female with advanced age，low education，lack of physical exercise，depression，poor sleep quality，hearing loss，hypertension and low level of social support are more likely to have subjective cognitive decline. Nurses can formulate nursing measures according to the risk factors to reduce the incidence of subjective cognitive decline of the elder adults in communities.

Key words: Community, Aged, Subjective Cognitive Decline, Risk Factors, Meta-analysis, Evidemce-based Nursing