大肠癌放化疗患者消化道症状群护理的证据总结

doi:10.3761/j.issn.0254-1769.2023.01.014

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

目的检索、评价并总结国内外关于大肠癌放化疗患者消化道症状群护理的证据，为临床实践提供循证依据。方法根据“6S”模型，系统检索国内外相关数据库和网站中与大肠癌放化疗患者消化道症状群护理有关的文献，包括临床决策、指南、系统评价、证据总结及专家共识，检索时限为2017年1月—2022年4月。2名研究者对纳入文献进行独立评价后整合证据。结果共纳入16篇文献，其中临床决策5篇、指南6篇、系统评价3篇、证据总结2篇。从组织管理、便秘护理、腹泻护理、恶心与呕吐护理4个方面汇总了28条证据。结论该研究总结了大肠癌放化疗患者消化道症状群护理的最佳证据，可为临床实践提供参考，护理人员应结合患者症状和实际需求提供个体化护理。

关键词: 消化系统肿瘤, 放化疗, 体征和症状, 消化系统, 肿瘤护理, 循证护理学

Abstract:

Objective To retrieve，evaluate and summarize the best evidence related to the care of gastrointestinal symptom clusters，such as nausea，vomiting，diarrhea and constipation，in colorectal cancer patients undergoing chemoradiotherapy at home and abroad，and to provide an evidence-based basis for clinical nursing care practice. Methods According to the “6S” model system，the literature related to gastrointestinal symptom clusters nursing of colorectal cancer patients with chemoradiotherapy was retrieved from relevant databases and websites at home and abroad，including clinical decisions，guidelines，systematic reviews，evidence summaries and expert consensuses. The retrieval period was from January 2017 to April 2022. There were 2 researchers who independently evaluated the included literature and integrated the evidence. Results A total of 16 articles were included，including 5 clinical decisions，6 guidelines，3 systematic reviews and 2 evidence summaries. 28 pieces of evidence were summarized from 4 aspects，namely organization management，constipation nursing，diarrhea nursing，malignant and vomiting nursing. Conclusion This study summarizes the best evidence of gastrointestinal symptom clusters nursing in colorectal cancer patients undergoing chemoradiotherapy，which can provide references for clinical practice. Nursing staff should combine the patient’s specific symptoms with actual needs for individualized nursing.

Key words: Digestive System Neoplasms, Chemoradiotherapy, Signs and Symptoms, Digestive System, Oncologic Nursing, Evidence-Based Nursing

杨俊琳, 杨健, 赵丽丽, 田玉梅, 宁艳花, 汤媛媛. 大肠癌放化疗患者消化道症状群护理的证据总结[J]. 中华护理杂志, 2023, 58(1): 98-104.

YANG Junlin, YANG Jian, ZHAO Lili, TIAN Yumei, NING Yanhua, TANG Yuanyuan. Evidence summary for the nursing of gastrointestinal symptom clusters in colorectal cancer patients with chemoradiotherapy[J]. Chinese Journal of Nursing, 2023, 58(1): 98-104.

图/表 3

表1 纳入文献的基本特征（n=16）

Table 1 Characteristics of included studies（n=16）

表2 纳入指南的质量评价结果（n=6）

Table 2 Methodological quality evaluation of included guidelines（n=6）

表3 大肠癌放化疗患者消化道症状群护理的证据总结

Table 3 Evidence summary for the nursing of gastrointestinal symptom clusters in colorectal cancer patients with chemoradiotherapy

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