关键词: 糖尿病,2型, 膳食,低碳水化合物, 膳食疗法, 循证护理学

Abstract:

Objective To identify,evaluate and summarize the best evidence of a low-carbohydrate diet for type 2 diabetes mellitus management and remission,and to provide evidence for clinical nursing practice and self-management of patients of type 2 diabetes. Methods Literature published between January 2016 and July 2021 from electronic databases （Guidelines International Network,National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence,Scottish Intercollegiate Guidelines Network,Joanna Briggs Institute,Cochrane Library,American Diabetes Association Website,Medlive.cn,CNKI,WanFang Data,Cqvip.com,PubMed,Web of Science,and Embase） was retrieved. The types of literature included guidelines,consensuses,evidence summaries,best practice,systematic reviews and meta-analysis. The Appraisal of Guidelines for Research & Evaluation Instrument Ⅱ （AGREE Ⅱ） and A Measurement Tool to Assess Systematic Reviews 2（AMSTAR 2） were employed for evaluating the quality of the included studies,and the Grading of Recommendations Assessment,Development and Evaluation （GRADE） were used to rate the quality level of evidence. Results 216 references were obtained by the initial retrieval,and 31 were finally included. 33 pieces of best evidence from 6 aspects on safeness,risks,effects,duration and process,applicable population and food recommendations were summarized. Conclusion Short- and medium-term applications of a low-carbohydrate diet in type 2 diabetes with the supervision of professionals were safe and effective. Clinical nurses can apply the summarized evidence to the health education on the low-carbohydrate diet of type 2 diabetes patients as appropriate,and they should better consider and combine with clinical diagnosis and treatment,and manage the disease with more evidence-based approaches.

Key words: Diabetes Mellitus,Type 2, Diet,Carbohydrate-Restricted, Diet Therapy, Evidence-Based Nursing