含碘对比剂静脉外渗护理管理实践指南（2026年更新版）

doi:10.3761/j.issn.0254-1769.2026.15.006

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

目的对2021年编制的“含碘对比剂静脉外渗护理管理实践指南”（以下简称“指南”）进行更新和补充。方法系统检索2019年5月12日—2025年7月22日国内外指南网、专业协会网站、数据库中发表的相关文献，收集含碘对比剂静脉外渗的最新循证证据；通过规范的文献质量评价、资料提取及证据汇总流程，整合相关研究成果，拟订“指南”初稿。采用德尔菲法开展2轮专家函询，并经专家论证与外部审查修订完善，达成推荐意见及推荐强度共识，形成终稿。结果更新版“指南”新增22条推荐意见、修改4条推荐意见，包括含碘对比剂静脉外渗的风险因素、知情同意、个体化注射方案、含碘对比剂静脉外渗的预防方法、注射前准备、注射过程监测、静脉外渗的紧急处理措施、静脉外渗后的注意事项、含碘对比剂静脉外渗的质量改进等9个方面的内容。结论该研究完成了对原版“指南”的更新，可为临床护士提供循证决策依据，推动含碘对比剂静脉外渗预防与应对的规范化管理。

关键词: 含碘对比剂, 静脉外渗, 实践指南, 循证护理学

Abstract:

Objective To update and supplement the clinical practice guidelines for nursing management of iodinated contrast media extravasation（hereinafter referred to as the Guidelines） developed in 2021. Methods Systematic searches were performed for relevant literature published from May 12，2019 to July 22，2025 on domestic and international guideline websites，professional association websites and databases to collect the latest evidence-based evidence related to iodinated contrast media extravasation. Standardized procedures of literature quality appraisal，data extraction and evidence synthesis were implemented to integrate relevant research findings and develop the draft Guidelines. The Delphi method was used to conduct 2 rounds of expert consultation. After revision and improvement through expert argumentation and external review，the consensus on recommendations and strength of recommendations was reached，and the final version of the Guidelines was established. Results The updated Guidelines add 22 new recommendations and revise 4 existing ones，covering 9 domains：risk factors for iodinated contrast medium extravasation，informed consent，individualized injection protocols，preventive strategies for extravasation，pre-injection preparation，monitoring during injection，emergency management of extravasation，post-extravasation precautions，and quality improvement related to iodinated contrast medium extravasation. Conclusion This study completes the update of the original Guidelines. It offers evidence-based support for clinical nurses’ decision-making and facilitates standardized management for the prevention and response to iodinated contrast media extravasation.

Key words: Iodinated Contrast Media, Extravasation, Practice Guideline, Evidence-Based Nursing

中华护理学会放射介入护理专业委员会（执笔：张红梅, 张素, 刘宇）. 含碘对比剂静脉外渗护理管理实践指南（2026年更新版）[J]. 中华护理杂志, 2026, 61(15): 2054-2060.

Radioactive Interventional Nursing Professional Committee of Chinese Nursing Association (Writing Committee: ZHANG Hongmei, ZHANG Su, LIU Yu). Clinical practice guidelines for nursing management of iodinated contrast media extravasation（2026 updated version）[J]. Chinese Journal of Nursing, 2026, 61(15): 2054-2060.

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