心血管代谢性共病患者个人健康数据管理体验的质性研究

doi:10.3761/j.issn.0254-1769.2026.11.009

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

目的探索心血管代谢性共病患者个人健康数据管理体验及影响因素，为制订针对性干预策略提供依据。方法采用描述性现象学方法，于2024年12月至2025年11月，通过目的抽样结合最大差异化抽样，选取宁波市2所三级综合医院共22例心血管代谢性共病患者进行半结构式访谈，采用主题分析法进行资料分析。结果共提炼了4个主题，15个亚主题，包括正向体验（获得自我认知与心理安全感，赋能主动健康行为），负向体验（挫败、焦虑与迷茫感，行为与经济负担，数据解读障碍与决策困惑），促进因素（强烈的主动健康意识，积极的医护人员参与，充分的家庭及社会支持，对设备的信任与感知有用，浓厚的健康科普氛围），阻碍因素（有限的时间与精力，较高的知识与技能门槛，信息与设备可及性不足，设备认同感与需求缺乏，健康相关信息环境混杂）。结论个人健康数据管理会给心血管代谢性共病患者带来复杂的体验，并受到人、实践、信息、技术与环境诸多因素的影响。医护人员应从知识、情感与技术等方面给予患者个性化支持，以促进其对个人健康数据的长期管理。

关键词: 心血管代谢性共病, 个人健康数据管理, 自我管理, 主动健康, 护理

Abstract:

Objective To explore the real-world experiences, facilitators, and barriers of personal health data management in patients with cardiometabolic multimorbidity，and to provide a basis for developing tailored intervention strategies. Methods A descriptive phenomenological research approach was adopted. From December 2024 to November 2025，22 patients with cardiometabolic multimorbidity were recruited from 2 tertiary hospitals in Ningbo，Zhejiang Province through purposive sampling combined with maximum variation sampling. Semi-structured interviews and thematic analysis were conducted for data analysis. Results 4 themes and 15 sub-themes were identified，including positive experiences（self-awareness and psychological security，proactive health behavior empowerment），negative experiences（frustration，anxiety，and confusion，behavioral and economic burdens，data interpretation and decision-making challenges），facilitators（proactive health awareness，active participation of healthcare professionals，adequate family and social support，trust in devices and perceived usefulness，rich atmosphere of health science popularization），and barriers（limited time and energy，high knowledge and skills thresholds，insufficient accessibility of information and devices，lack of device identification and perceived need，chaotic health information environment）. Conclusion Personal health data management among patients with cardiometabolic multimorbidity entails both positive and negative experiences，shaped by individual，behavioral，informational，technological，and environmental factors. Healthcare professionals should provide tailored knowledge，emotional，and technical support to foster sustained personal health data management.

Key words: Cardiometabolic Multimorbidity, Personal Health Data, Self Management, Proactive Health, Nursing Care

周唯佳, 卢亚盈, 姜菊萍, 吴静洁. 心血管代谢性共病患者个人健康数据管理体验的质性研究[J]. 中华护理杂志, 2026, 61(11): 1504-1511.

ZHOU Weijia, LU Yaying, JIANG Juping, WU Jingjie. A qualitative study on the experiences of personal health data management in patients with cardiometabolic multimorbidity[J]. Chinese Journal of Nursing, 2026, 61(11): 1504-1511.

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