孤独症患儿及其父母社会融入评估工具的评价及护理启示

doi:10.3761/j.issn.0254-1769.2026.10.016

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

目的对孤独症患儿及其父母社会融入评估工具进行系统综述，为临床及科研中选择高质量的评估工具提供参考。方法系统检索PubMed、Embase、PsycINFO、PsycArticles Full Text、Global Health、Web of Science、Scopus、CINAHL、Academic Search Premiere、中国知网、万方数据库及维普数据库，收集与孤独症患儿及其父母社会融入相关的评估工具，检索时限为建库至2025年9月。由2名研究者独立进行文献筛选和资料提取，采用基于共识的健康测量工具遴选标准对评估工具进行评价，并形成推荐意见。结果共纳入13篇文献，包括11个孤独症患儿社会融入评估工具和2个孤独症患儿父母社会融入评估工具。其中，3个工具为A级推荐，2个工具为C级推荐，其余为B级推荐。结论推荐使用中文版孤独症患儿生活质量量表社会融入分量表，学习、社交与情绪适应问卷简版和中文版社会融入量表对孤独症患儿及其父母社会融入进行评估，但仍需进一步验证其测量学属性。

关键词: 孤独症, 父母, 社会融入, 评估工具, 基于共识的健康测量工具遴选标准, 循证护理学

Abstract:

Objective To systematically evaluate the assessment tools for social inclusion assessment tools of children with autism spectrum disorder（ASD） and their parents，providing references for selecting high-quality assessment tools in clinical practice and research.Methods A systematic literature search was conducted in PubMed，EMBASE，PsycINFO，PsycArticles Full Text，Global Health，Web of Science，Scopus，CINAHL，Academic Search Premier，CNKI，Wanfang，and VIP databases from inception to September 2025 to identify assessment tools for social inclusion of children with ASD and their parents. 2 reviewers independently screened the literature and extracted data. The included tools were then evaluated using the Consensus-based Standards for the Selection of Health Measurement Instruments （COSMIN） guidelines，and recommendations were formulated.Results A total of 13 studies were included，covering 11 assessment tools for children with ASD and 2 tools for their parents. Among these，3 tools were rated Grade A，2 were rated Grade C，and the remaining were rated Grade B.Conclusion The Chinese version of KidsLife-ASD Social Inclusion Subscale，the Learning，Social and Emotion Adaptation Questionnaire-Short Form，and the Chinese version of the Social Inclusion Scale are recommended for use，although further validation of their psychometric properties is still needed.

Key words: Autism Spectrum Disorder, Parents, Social Inclusion, Assessment Tools, Consensus-Based Standard for the Selection of Health Measurement Instruments, Evidence-Based Nursing

彭欣怡, 洪露, 李佳颖, 冯万里, 陈欣怡, 吉彬彬. 孤独症患儿及其父母社会融入评估工具的评价及护理启示[J]. 中华护理杂志, 2026, 61(10): 1412-1419.

PENG Xinyi, HONG Lu, LI Jiaying, FENG Wanli, CHEN Xinyi, JI Binbin. A systematic review of assessment tools for social inclusion of children with autism spectrum disorder and their parents and its nursing implications[J]. Chinese Journal of Nursing, 2026, 61(10): 1412-1419.

图/表 4

图1 文献筛选流程

Figure 1 Flow chart of literature selection

表1 纳入文献的基本特征（n=13）

Table 1 General characteristics of the included literature（n=13）

表2 评估工具的方法学及测量学属性的质量评价结果（n=13）

Table 2 Psychometric properties and methodological quality evaluation of the included scales（n=13）

表3 纳入评估工具的测量学属性总体评价及推荐等级（n=13）

Table 3 Synthesis of the psychometric properties of the included scales and the formation of recommendations（n=13）

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