关键词: 重症监护病房, 人工智能, 临床决策支持系统, 范围综述, 危重症护理

Abstract:

Objective To conduct a scoping review of studies on the application of artificial intelligence-based clinical decision support systems（AI-CDSS） in the ICU domestically and internationally，providing references for future clinical nursing applications and research directions. Methods Computerized searches were performed across 9 Chinese and English databases，with the search period spanning from the inception of each database to May 2025. Studies related to the application of AI-CDSS in the ICU were screened，and the included literature was summarized and analyzed based on the scoping review framework. Results A total of 14 articles from 6 countries were included. AI-CDSS in the ICU primarily utilized machine learning，deep learning，and natural language processing technologies，extracting information from both structured and unstructured ICU data. These systems were mainly applied to patient groups such as those with infection risks，mechanical ventilation，comorbid coronary heart disease，and orthopedic trauma. Core functions included prediction of complications and disease outcomes，mortality risk prediction，decision recommendations，and user interaction. The systems demonstrated high recognition accuracy and strong transfer generalization capabilities in the ICU. Nurses reported high execution，adoption，satisfaction，and acceptance rates. Conclusion AI-CDSS can enhance the prediction of mortality and complication risks，improve predictive nursing levels，elevate the quality of care，and optimize patient outcomes in the ICU. Future efforts should focus on developing integrated AI-CDSS that incorporate multi-device data integration and strengthen human-machine collaboration to promote more efficient and reliable application in diverse ICU scenarios.

Key words: Intensive Care Unit, Artificial Intelligence, Clinical Decision Support System, Scoping Review, Critical Care