呼和浩特市三级甲等综合医院护士的传染病突发事件防控能力现状及影响因素研究

doi:10.3761/j.issn.0254-1769.2025.22.007

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

目的调查呼和浩特市三级甲等综合医院护士的传染病突发事件防控能力现状并分析其影响因素，为制订针对性干预方案提供依据。方法 2024年7—8月，采用多阶段抽样法，选取呼和浩特市3所三级甲等综合医院的1 823名护士进行调查。调查工具包含一般资料调查表、护士组织支持感量表、知觉压力量表、工作投入量表和护理人员传染病突发事件防控能力问卷，采用多元线性回归分析护士传染病突发事件防控能力的影响因素。结果共回收有效问卷1 746份，有效问卷回收率为95.78%，其传染病突发事件防控能力总分为（117.51±20.20）分；工作年限、所在科室、是否参加过传染病突发事件的相关培训或演练、是否参与过传染病突发事件的救护工作、组织支持感、知觉压力和工作投入是护士传染病突发事件防控能力的影响因素（P<0.05）。结论护士的传染病突发事件防控能力处于中等水平，有待进一步加强。护理管理者应加大教育培训力度、关注护士心理状况、建立良好的组织环境，以便护士能够更好地投身于传染病突发事件的防控工作。

关键词: 护士, 传染病突发事件, 影响因素, 防控能力, 感染控制

Abstract:

Objective To investigate the current status of infection outbreak prevention and control capabilities among nurses at tertiary general hospitals in Hohhot City and analyse the influencing factors，in order to provide a basis for formulating targeted intervention plans. Methods From July to August 2024，a multi-stage sampling method was used to select 1，823 nurses from 3 tertiary general hospitals in Hohhot City for the survey. The survey tools included a general information questionnaire，the Nurse Organisational Support Scale，the Perceived Stress Scale，the Work Engagement Scale，and the Questionnaire on Prevention and Control Competence of Nursing Staff for Infectious Disease Emergencies. A multiple linear regression analysis was conducted to identify the factors influencing nurses’ capabilities for preventing infectious disease outbreaks. Results A total of 1，746 valid questionnaires were collected，with a response rate of 95.78%. The overall score for infection prevention and control capability was（117.51±20.20） points. Working years，department，whether the nurse had participated in training or drills related to infectious disease outbreaks，whether the nurse had been involved in rescue work during infectious disease outbreaks，perceived organisational support，perceived stress，and work engagement were identified as factors influencing nurses’ capabilities of infection prevention and control during infectious disease emergencies（P<0.05）. Conclusion Nurses’ capability to respond to infectious disease outbreaks is at a moderate level and needs to be further strengthened. Nursing managers should increase training efforts，pay attention to nurses’ mental health，and establish a good organisational environment so that nurses can better devote themselves to the prevention and control of infectious disease outbreaks.

Key words: Nurses, Infectious Disease Emergencies, Influencing Factors, Prevention and Control Capabilities, Infection Control

刘天梦, 任海燕, 陈雪霞, 冯耀清, 白雪, 温紫艳, 郝宇廷. 呼和浩特市三级甲等综合医院护士的传染病突发事件防控能力现状及影响因素研究[J]. 中华护理杂志, 2025, 60(22): 2730-2736.

LIU Tianmeng, REN Haiyan, CHEN Xuexia, FENG Yaoqing, BAI Xue, WEN Ziyan, HAO Yuting. A study on the current status and influencing factors of infection control capabilities in nurses at tertiary general hospitals in Hohhot City[J]. Chinese Journal of Nursing, 2025, 60(22): 2730-2736.

图/表 5

表1 护士的一般资料及传染病突发事件防控能力的单因素分析（n=1 746）

Table 1 Nurses’ general information and the univariate analysis of infection prevention and control capabilities during infectious disease emergencies（n=1 746）

表2 护士传染病突发事件防控能力得分情况（分，$\bar{x}±s$）

Table 2 Nurses’ scores for infection prevention and control capabilities during infectious disease emergencies（score, $\bar{x}±s$）

表3 护士组织支持感、知觉压力和工作投入与传染病突发事件防控能力的相关性分析

Table 3 Correlation analysis between nurses’ sense of organisational support， perceived stress and work engagement and the capabilities of infection prevention and control during infectious disease emergencies

表4 自变量赋值情况

Table 4 Assignment of independent variables

表5 护士传染病突发事件防控能力的多元线性回归分析（n=1 746）

Table 5 Multiple linear regression analysis of nurses’ infection prevention and control capabilities in infectious disease emergencies（n=1 746）

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