吊床体位促进早产儿生长发育效果的研究

doi:10.3761/j.issn.0254-1769.2022.03.008

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

目的探讨吊床体位对促进早产儿体重、身长、头围等生长发育指标的效果。方法采用便利抽样法,选取2020年1月—8月杭州市某三级甲等儿童医院收治的106例早产儿为研究对象,采用随机数字表法分为试验组（n=53）与对照组（n=53）。试验组在常规暖箱照护的基础上进行吊床体位干预,对照组采用常规暖箱照护。对两组干预后的生长发育情况进行比较。结果试验组第2~4周的体重增长、出院体重均高于对照组,第7天睡眠时长长于对照组,恢复至出生体重所需天数、住院时间均短于对照组,差异具有统计学意义（P<0.05）;试验组干预后,心率、呼吸频率下降,血氧饱和度升高,差异具有统计学意义（P<0.05）。结论吊床体位可促进早产儿的体重增长、缩短恢复至出生体重所需天数、增加睡眠时长、稳定生命体征及缩短住院时间,可有效促进早产儿生长发育。

关键词: 早产儿, 吊床体位, 发育支持照顾, 儿科护理学

Abstract:

Objective To investigate the effects of hammock positioning on the growth and development indexes of premature infants,such as weight,body length and head circumference. Methods From January to August 2020,106 premature infants admitted to a tertiary children’s hospital in Hangzhou were selected as the research subjects. They were divided into an experimental group（n=53） and a control group（n=53） by random number table method. The control group was treated with conventional heating box. The experimental group was treated with hammock positioning in addition to conventional warm box care. The growth and development of infants in the 2 groups were compared. Results The weight gain of premature infants in the experimental group at the 2nd to 4th weeks,the 24 - hour sleep duration and the discharge weight were higher than those of the control group;the number of days required to restore birth weight and the length of hospital stay are lower than those of the control group,and the difference was statistically significant（P<0.05）. After using hammock therapy,the heart rate and respiratory rate of the experimental group decreased,and the oxygen saturation increased,and the difference was statistically significant（P<0.05）. Conclusion Hammock positioning plays a positive role in promoting the average weight gain per week,reducing the number of days to regain birth weight,increasing the duration of 24 hours sleep,stabilizing vital signs of premature infants and reducing the length of hospital stay,which can effectively promote the growth and development of premature infants.

Key words: Preterm Infant, Hammock Positioning, Developmental Support Care, Pediatric Nursing

慎斐, 罗飞翔, 商祯茹, 凌云. 吊床体位促进早产儿生长发育效果的研究[J]. 中华护理杂志, 2022, 57(3): 301-305.

SHEN Fei, LUO Feixiang, SHANG Zhenru, LING Yun. Study on the effect of hammock positioning in promoting the growth and development of premature infants[J]. Chinese Journal of Nursing, 2022, 57(3): 301-305.

图/表 5

图1 简易吊床示意图

Figure 1 Schematic diagram of a simple hammock

表1 两组出生后身长、头围变化比较（cm,

\bar{x} \pm s

）

Table 1 Comparison of postnatal body length and head circumference changes between the two groups(cm,

\bar{x} \pm s

)

表1 两组出生后身长、头围变化比较（cm, $\bar{x} \pm s$ ）

Table 1 Comparison of postnatal body length and head circumference changes between the two groups(cm, $\bar{x} \pm s$ )

表2 两组出生后体重变化比较（g,

\bar{x} \pm s

）

Table 2 Comparison of postnatal weight changes between the two groups（g,

\bar{x} \pm s

）

表2 两组出生后体重变化比较（g, $\bar{x} \pm s$ ）

Table 2 Comparison of postnatal weight changes between the two groups（g, $\bar{x} \pm s$ ）

表3 两组恢复至出生体重所需天数、住院时间、出院时校正胎龄及出院体重比较（

\bar{x} \pm s

）

Table 3 Comparison of restored birth weight time, hospitalization time, and adjusted gestational age at discharge and discharge weight between the two group（

\bar{x} \pm s

）

表3 两组恢复至出生体重所需天数、住院时间、出院时校正胎龄及出院体重比较（ $\bar{x} \pm s$ ）

Table 3 Comparison of restored birth weight time, hospitalization time, and adjusted gestational age at discharge and discharge weight between the two group（ $\bar{x} \pm s$ ）

表4 试验组干预前后心率、呼吸频率及血氧饱和度的比较（n=44,

\bar{x} \pm s

）

Table 4 The observation group compared the heart rate, respiratory rate and peripheral blood oxygen saturation before and after using the hammock position（n=44,

\bar{x} \pm s

）

表4 试验组干预前后心率、呼吸频率及血氧饱和度的比较（n=44, $\bar{x} \pm s$ ）

Table 4 The observation group compared the heart rate, respiratory rate and peripheral blood oxygen saturation before and after using the hammock position（n=44, $\bar{x} \pm s$ ）

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