Table of Content

20 August 2026, Volume 61 Issue 16

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Special Planning—Gastrointestinal Disease Care

Impact of a virtual reality intervention program on discharge readiness and self-management ability of patients with colorectal cancer stoma

JIANG Yanlin, HOU Mengxiao, ZHANG Guiju, TANG Yumei

2026, 61(16):  2165-2173.  DOI: 10.3761/j.issn.0254-1769.2026.16.001

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Objective To explore the effect of a virtual reality（VR） intervention on the readiness for hospital discharge and early post-discharge self-management ability of patients with colorectal cancer stoma，and to provide references for promoting the smooth transition of patients from hospital to family. Methods A convenience sampling method was used to select patients with colorectal cancer stoma admitted to a tertiary hospital in Zhengzhou from January to October 2024 as the study subjects. 48 patients admitted from June to October 2024 were included in an experimental group， and 48 patients admitted from January to May 2024 were included in a control group. On the basis of routine perioperative health education, the experimental group received virtual reality intervention from the third day after operation to before discharge， while the control group received routine perioperative health education. The patient’s readiness for discharge was evaluated on the day of discharge. The self-management ability and stoma adaptability of the 2 groups were evaluated 3 days after operation， on the day of discharge，1 month and 3 months after discharge，and the incidence of stoma complications was counted. Results 2 cases were lost in the experimental group and the control group， and 46 cases in each group participated in the complete study. The total score of discharge readiness and the scores of each dimension in the experimental group were higher than those in the control group， and the differences were statistically significant（P<0.05）. Generalized estimating equation analysis showed that the inter-group effect， time effect and interaction effect of self-management ability and ostomy adaptability in the 2 groups were statistically significant（all P<0.05）. There was no significant difference in the incidence of ostomy complications between the 2 groups（P=0.099）. Conclusion On the basis of routine perioperative health education，the implementation of virtual reality intervention can effectively improve the discharge readiness and early self-management ability of patients with colorectal cancer stoma，enhance the adaptability of stoma, and have good safety.

Construction and application of a refined perioperative oral nutritional supplement management for the stent-based diverting technique of rectal cancer

XIAN Xuemei, KUANG Yuanyuan, ZHU Chenping, WANG Xue, KONG Wei, LI Yan, WANG Yongzhen, GUO Xingyue, ZHUANG Yiyu

2026, 61(16):  2174-2181.  DOI: 10.3761/j.issn.0254-1769.2026.16.002

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Objective To develop a perioperative oral nutritional supplementation（ONS） protocol for rectal cancer patients undergoing stent-based diverting technique（SDT） and to evaluate its efficacy，providing a reference for the perioperative nutritional management of patients with rectal cancer. Methods Based on the best evidence and qualitative interviews on patient needs，a perioperative ONS protocol for rectal cancer patients undergoing SDT was developed and finalized by an expert consensus meeting. A total of 130 patients who underwent SDT for rectal cancer at a tertiary A comprehensive hospital in Hangzhou，China，from July 2022 to June 2025 were enrolled through convenience sampling. Patients admitted between January 2024 and June 2025（n=65） were assigned to an intervention group，while those admitted between July 2022 and December 2023（n=65） served as a historical control group. The intervention group received this protocol，whereas the control group received standard nutritional education and routine nursing care. The differences in the incidence of malnutrition，the compliance rate of taking ONS，the changing trends of hemoglobin and albumin，and the incidence rates of gastrointestinal intolerance and complications at 1 month after operation were compared between the 2 groups. Results During the intervention，a total of 5 cases dropped out. Finally，61 cases were included in the intervention group and 64 cases in the control group. A month after surgery，the incidence of malnutrition in the intervention group was lower than that in the control group（P<0.05）. The adherence to ONS was significantly higher in the intervention group compared with the control group（P<0.05）. After the operation，the concentrations of hemoglobin and albumin in both groups showed a trend of early decline followed by a slow recovery. The preoperative values were used as covariates for baseline correction，and the adjusted mean values of hemoglobin and albumin in the intervention group at each time point after surgery were higher than those in the control group，and the differences were statistically significant at 7 days and 1 month after surgery（P<0.05）. No statistically significant differences were observed between the 2 groups in the rates of gastrointestinal intolerance or postoperative complications（P>0.05）. Conclusion The perioperative ONS protocol for rectal cancer patients undergoing SDT developed in this study demonstrates scientific and practical value. This protocol can reduce the incidence of postoperative malnutrition，promote the recovery of albumin and hemoglobin，and does not increase the incidence of gastrointestinal intolerance and common complications.

Development and application of an intelligent patient guidance system in a digestive endoscopy center

BAI Jianrong, WANG Xin, GUO Binbin, LI Jingyi, JIANG Jianke, SUN Dongdong, JI Rui, ZUO Xiuli, CAO Yingjuan

2026, 61(16):  2182-2188.  DOI: 10.3761/j.issn.0254-1769.2026.16.003

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Objective To design and develop an intelligent guidance system for a digestive endoscopy center led by nurses，to achieve full-process intelligent patient guidance and to provide references for clinical nursing practice. Methods A team was formed to identify guidance issues and design workflows. An intelligent guidance system integrating automatic queuing，intelligent guidance，and automatic check-in was developed. A randomized controlled trial was conducted from October to December，2025. The intelligent navigation system was adopted in 4 examination rooms of the experimental group，while traditional navigation was used in 4 examination rooms of the control group. Indicators including waiting and navigation time，nurse and patient satisfaction were compared between the 2 groups. Results The automatic waiting time and intelligent navigation time in the experimental group were（120.07±34.50） s and（102.78±43.82） s, shorter than（329.72±86.80） s and（113.31±42.75） s in the control group，and the differences were statistically significant（P<0.001）. The navigation success rate and check-in accuracy rate were 98.66% and 98.38% in the experimental group，versus 98.16% and 98.16% in the control group. No nursing adverse events occurred during the study period. In addition，scores of all dimensions of nurse and patient satisfaction in the experimental group were higher than those in the control group（P<0.001）. This system can equivalently replace nursing manpower of 1.99 full-time equivalents（FTE）. Conclusion Supported by positioning technology, the intelligent navigation system enables automatic patient waiting. Through the linkage of navigation robots，calling system and positioning system，patients can be guided to the corresponding examination rooms accurately. The system can improve nurse and patient satisfaction and help save nursing human resources.

Identification of core symptom clusters in patients with colorectal cancer undergoing targeted therapy and their predictive effect on quality of life

SHI Jiaqi, LIU Yihao, LI Ying, XU Huijing, WU Shanyu, JIN Toufeng

2026, 61(16):  2189-2195.  DOI: 10.3761/j.issn.0254-1769.2026.16.004

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Objective To construct a symptom network for colorectal cancer patients undergoing targeted therapy，identify core symptom clusters，and analyze their impact on quality of life，thereby providing a basis for developing targeted symptom management strategies to improve patients’ quality of life. Methods A total of 260 colorectal cancer patients receiving targeted therapy in the oncology departments of 2 tertiary hospitals in Jilin Province from December 2024 to April 2025 were conveniently selected as the study subjects. The formal survey used the General Information Questionnaire，the MD Anderson Symptom Inventory-Colorectal Cancer Module，and the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-General. Exploratory factor analysis was used to extract symptom clusters；R language was used to construct symptom networks and analyze centrality indicators；hierarchical regression was used to identify the symptom clusters that had the greatest impact on patients’ quality of life. Results A total of 260 questionnaires were distributed and 254 were collected，with an effective recovery rate of 97.69%. The most common symptoms in colorectal cancer patients receiving targeted therapy were fatigue（85.83%），decreased appetite （81.89%），and sleep disturbance（77.56%）. Exploratory factor analysis identified 5 symptom clusters，which explained 58.188% of the total variance. In the symptom network，fear was the symptom with the highest strength（r_s=2.414）. Hierarchical regression analysis showed that the metabolic-emotional symptom cluster（P<0.001） and the gastrointestinal symptom cluster（P=0.029） had statistically significant effects on quality of life，and the symptom clusters together explained 26.5% of the total variance. Conclusion Colorectal cancer patients receiving targeted therapy experience multiple symptom clusters，and fear is the core node maintaining the entire symptom network. The metabolic-emotional symptom cluster and the gastrointestinal symptom cluster are key factors affecting quality of life. Therefore，clinical interventions should prioritize the control of these 2 symptom clusters to achieve precise symptom management during targeted therapy，and improve patients’ quality of life.

Nursing care of a patient undergoing radical distal pancreatectomy combined with portal vein prosthetic grafting

ZHOU Lusha, LU Jienan, LI Junxiu, NI Mengqi, LI Qinggang

2026, 61(16):  2196-2200.  DOI: 10.3761/j.issn.0254-1769.2026.16.005

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To summarize the nursing experience of a patient undergoing radical distal pancreatectomy combined with portal vein prosthetic grafting. The key nursing points included：adopting multidimensional collaborative management to control portal venous pressure and maintain prosthetic graft patency；strengthening dynamic monitoring of bleeding risk and implementing early and effective interventions to prevent postoperative hemorrhagic complications；implementing a precise thrombosis prevention and treatment strategy to reduce the risk of thrombosis and improve the patient’s prognosis；constructing a multi-dimensional infection prevention and control system，identifying early signs of infection，and minimizing the risk of prosthetic graft dysfunction；formulating a continuous care plan，providing home-based rehabilitation guidance，and enhancing the patient’s long-term quality of life. After 17 days of intensive treatment and nursing care，the patient recovered and was discharged. During the 3-month follow-up，the patient remained in good condition.

Specialist Nursing Practice and Research

Optimization and effect of whole-course nursing management process for patients with severe adolescent idiopathic scoliosis

CHEN Jinhuai, SHI Mengyu, HUANG Chong’an, BAI Yanwen, XU Lingmeng, WANG Yi

2026, 61(16):  2201-2208.  DOI: 10.3761/j.issn.0254-1769.2026.16.006

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Objective To optimize the whole-course nursing management process for children with severe adolescent idiopathic scoliosis（AIS），so as to ensure children’s safety，improve treatment outcomes and enhance healthcare experience. Methods In June 2021，a healthcare failure mode and effect analysis（HFMEA） management team was established to systematically identify and analyze risk points in the whole-course nursing management process for children with severe AIS，and targeted improvement measures were formulated and implemented in clinical practice in June 2023. The hazard scores of nursing management process，nursing management effectiveness，clinical efficacy and comprehensive benefit indicators were compared before and after optimization. Results After optimization of the nursing management process，the hazard scores of 20 high-risk failure causes in the whole-course management process were significantly improved. The experimental group had significantly shorter pre-hospital screening time，green channel admission time，rapid spinal nerve function assessment time and hospital stay，lower Borg dyspnea score，incidence of severe postoperative complications and sternocleidomastoid tenderness，and higher correct rate of functional position placement，safety rate of first out-of-bed activity，self-image satisfaction，scoliosis correction rate and quality of life than the control group（all P<0.05）. Conclusion Application of HFMEA to optimize the whole-course nursing management process for children with severe AIS can effectively control and improve risk links，and enhance treatment outcomes and healthcare experience of children.

Construction and validation of a risk prediction model for PICC-related thrombosis in patients with severe liver diseases

ZHAO Yali, LI Yuhua, LÜ Yuan, LI Naxin, SUN Nannan, LU Shiyu, ZHANG Lili

2026, 61(16):  2209-2216.  DOI: 10.3761/j.issn.0254-1769.2026.16.007

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Objective To develop and validate a risk prediction model for peripherally inserted central catheter-related thrombosis（PICC-CRT） in patients with liver diseases，providing a clinical reference for nurses to identify high-risk individuals and implement early preventive measures. Methods A retrospective study was conducted on 701 patients with liver diseases who underwent PICC placement at a tertiary A hospital in Beijing between August 2021 and September 2025. Propensity score matching（PSM） was employed at a 1∶2 ratio to balance confounding factors，including age，sex，and disease type. Univariate analysis and logistic regression analysis were performed to identify independent risk factors for PICC-CRT and to construct the prediction model. The model’s discriminative ability was evaluated using the receiver operating characteristic（ROC） curve，Bootstrap resampling，and 5-fold cross-validation. Calibration was assessed using the Hosmer-Lemeshow（H-L） test and the Brier score. Results Among the 701 patients，57 cases（8.13%） developed PICC-CRT. After PSM，57 patients were included in the thrombosis group and 114 in the non-thrombosis group. Logistic regression analysis identified aspartate aminotransferase concentration and prothrombin time as independent predictors of PICC-CRT in liver disease patients. The area under the ROC curve for the constructed model was 0.739，with an optimal cut-off value of 0.362 based on the Youden index. The model demonstrated an accuracy of 0.661，sensitivity of 0.754，specificity of 0.614，a positive predictive value of 0.491，and a negative predictive value of 0.833. The H-L test yielded χ²=6.628（P=0.357），and the Brier score was 0.188. Conclusion The prediction model constructed in this study demonstrated acceptable predictive performance and may serve as a screening tool for early identification of PICC-CRT in patients with severe liver disease.

Family caregivers’ experiences in dealing with emergency traumatic dental injuries in children：a qualitative study

MA Wanyue, CHEN Tongtong, ZHANG Yingying, ZHANG Lingling, JI Cuiling, CHEN Lu

2026, 61(16):  2217-2224.  DOI: 10.3761/j.issn.0254-1769.2026.16.008

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Objective To explore the experiences of family caregivers in dealing with emergency traumatic dental injuries in children，informing the development of family-centered emergency dental trauma interventions. Methods A phenomenological study design was employed. Using purposive sampling，semi-structured interviews were conducted with 19 family caregivers of children who had experienced dental trauma. Participants were recruited from a tertiary dental hospital in Nanjing between June and October 2025. Data were analyzed using Colaizzi’s seven-step method. Results 5 core themes and 13 sub-themes were extracted，including：①the experience of dual burden during initial management（excessive negative emotions，heavy economic load），②heterogeneous coping behaviors（activation of internal capabilities to enhance coping effectiveness，coping failure triggered by multiple factors，traditional beliefs guiding coping behaviors），③multidimensional challenges in the coping process（insufficient and biased disease knowledge，inadequate ability to identify and utilize information，lack of professional medical support，children resisting medical instructions），④perception of benefits in crisis coping（changing parenting concepts，self-reflection and growth），⑤diverse support needs for disease prevention（needs for family prevention and emergency preparedness，environmental protection and social support needs）. Conclusion Family caregivers encounter multiple pressures and practical dilemmas when responding to emergency dental trauma in children. Clinicians should attach importance to the coping experiences of family caregivers of children with dental trauma，identify the weak links in their coping process，establish targeted assessment and support systems，strengthen health education and guidance on disease response and management，and help improve the comprehensive coping abilities of family caregivers through multidimensional support.

A qualitative study on the family management dilemma and coping experience of parents of children with Prader-Willi syndrome

ZHANG Junyu, MA Mingsheng, WEN Yongle, ZHAO Weiqian, SUN Jing, LI Yang

2026, 61(16):  2225-2230.  DOI: 10.3761/j.issn.0254-1769.2026.16.009

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Objective To gain an in-depth understanding of the difficulties and coping experiences in family management among parents of children with Prader-Willi syndrome（PWS），providing references for developing support strategies in clinical practice. Methods Using purposive sampling，11 parents of children with PWS who were treated at a tertiary grade A general hospital in Beijing from October 2023 to December 2024 were selected as study participants. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews and analyzed using Colaizzi’s 7-step phenomenological analysis method to summarize and identify themes. Results A total of 3 main themes（9 sub-themes） emerged regarding family management challenges，including multiple challenges in caring for the child，disruption of normal family life，and difficulties in accessing effective social support. Parent coping strategies included 2 themes（5 sub-themes） focusing on caregiving approaches and psychological experiences. The coping experiences of parents were categorized into 2 themes（5 sub-themes），covering variations in parental coping methods and attitudes，and their psychological experiences during the caregiving process. Conclusion Parents of children with PWS face numerous difficulties in family management. Collaborative efforts from healthcare，society，schools，and other sectors are needed to alleviate the caregiving burden on parents，enhance their coping abilities，and ultimately improve the quality of life for both the children with PWS and their family members.

Multidisciplinary Collaborative Nursing Research

An explanatory sequential mixed-methods study on factors associated with social isolation in patients with diabetic retinopathy from a dyadic perspective

ZOU Pingping, WANG Zezhao, WANG Yanyan, LI Teng

2026, 61(16):  2231-2238.  DOI: 10.3761/j.issn.0254-1769.2026.16.010

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Objective To investigate the status and influencing factors of social isolation in patients with diabetic retinopathy（DR）. Methods Explanatory sequential mixed methods research design. In the quantitative phase，284 dyads of patients with DR and their primary caregivers were conveniently recruited from the ophthalmology department of a tertiary hospital between April and October 2025. Data were collected using a general information questionnaire，the Lubben Social Network Scale-6，the Perceived Social Support Scale，the Diabetes Management Self-Efficacy Scale，the Zarit Burden Interview，and the Caregiver Preparedness Scale. Binary logistic regression and correlation analyses were performed. In the qualitative phase，12 dyads of patients with DR and their primary caregivers were purposively selected for semi-structured interviews. Thematic analysis was used for data analysis，and quantitative and qualitative findings were integrated. Results In this quantitative study, 266 valid questionnaires were collected. The prevalence of social isolation among patients with DR was 61.28%. Multivariate logistic regression showed that self-efficacy，social support，and caregiver burden were associated with social isolation in patients with DR（P<0.05），and the 3 variables were significantly correlated with each other（P<0.05）. 4 themes emerged from the qualitative analysis，further explaining the effects of self-perceived ability，social support，and caregiver burden on the formation of social isolation. Integrated findings suggested that social isolation in patients with DR may reflect a dyadic coupling mechanism characterized by “increased care dependence and impaired support carrying capacity.” Conclusion Social isolation is highly prevalent among patients with DR and is closely associated with self-efficacy，social support，and caregiver burden. Nursing interventions should adopt a patient-caregiver dyadic approach to promote early identification of social isolation and collaborative intervention.

A longitudinal qualitative study on the healthcare experience of patients undergoing cross-departmental daytime surgery

ZENG Ying, LIN Shujie, XU Wenming, XIE Jinyi, WEN Lijing, WANG Meng, RAO Yixun, QIAO Wenbo, LU Fangyan

2026, 61(16):  2239-2244.  DOI: 10.3761/j.issn.0254-1769.2026.16.011

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Objective To explore the healthcare experiences of patients undergoing cross-departmental daytime surgery under the “hospital-wide bed management” model across different stages，and to provide evidence for optimizing cross-departmental nursing service processes. Methods A longitudinal qualitative research design was adopted. A total of 25 patients who underwent cross-departmental daytime surgery in a tertiary hospital in Zhejiang Province from January to April 2025 were recruited via purposive sampling. 3 semi-structured interviews were conducted during the pre-hospital preparation period，the cross-departmental hospitalization period，and the home recovery period. Data were analyzed using Colaizzi’s seven-step analysis method combined with synchronic and diachronic analysis strategies to extract themes. Results A total of 3 longitudinal themes and 8 sub-themes were extracted：①Pre-hospital preparation period：uncertainty caused by lack of cross-departmental information（active or passive acceptance of cross-departmental admission，intertwined expectations and worries）. ②Cross-departmental hospitalization period：emotional fluctuations under cross-departmental care experience（dual sense of dislocation in space and identity in an unfamiliar environment，seeking security and trust in a non-specialized ward setting，anxiety caused by information asymmetry during preoperative waiting，sense of deviation between cross-departmental rehabilitation guidance and actual needs）. ③Home recovery period：experience differentiation and cognitive recon-struction（experience differentiation during the transitional phase，cognitive reconstruction after discharge）. Conclusion The healthcare experiences of patients undergoing cross-departmental daytime surgery show significant dynamic changes across different phases. Healthcare providers should focus on patients’ information needs before admission，emotional experiences during hospitalization，and continuous post-discharge care and implement phase-specific targeted interventions to effectively improve patient experience and ensure medical safety.

Community Nursing Research

A study on the intervention effect of cognitive stimulation therapy on elderly people with mild cognitive impairment in elderly care institutions

HOU Xiaofei, JIN Yang, TANG Qiqun, HU Huiju, TONG Changying

2026, 61(16):  2245-2252.  DOI: 10.3761/j.isson.0254-1769.2026.16.012

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Objective The study explores the intervention effect of cognitive stimulation therapy on elderly people with mild cognitive impairment in nursing homes，so as to provide a reference for enhancing its cognitive function. Methods Using the convenience sampling method，elderly people with mild cognitive impairment in 2 nursing homes in Tangshan City were selected as the research subjects from September to November 2025. According to the random number method，the elderly with mild cognitive impairment in 2 nursing areas of the 2 nursing homes were divided into an experimental group（34 cases），and another 2 nursing areas into a control group（34 cases）. The experimental group implemented cognitive stimulation intervention for 12 weeks on the basis of daily care，while the control group received routine care in the nursing home and personalized health education. After the intervention，the differences in cognitive function，psychological state，balance function，and daily living activity ability between the 2 groups were compared. Results No sample loss occurred during the intervention process. After 12 weeks of intervention，the scores of the Montreal Cognitive Assessment Scale，Geriatric Depression Scale-15，Berg Balance Scale，and Activities of Daily Living Scale in the experimental group were all better than those in the control group，and the differences were statistically significant（P<0.05）. Conclusion Implementing cognitive stimulation therapy for elderly people with mild cognitive impairment in nursing homes can effectively improve their cognitive function，alleviate depressive symptoms，enhance balance function，and daily living self-care ability，which has positive significance for improving their quality of life.

Investigation on long-term care service needs of home-based elderly in Shanxi Province

LI Minyue, GOU Mengyu, HE Liping, GUO Xiaoyan

2026, 61(16):  2253-2260.  DOI: 10.3761/j.issn.0254-1769.2026.16.013

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Objective To identify and analyze the demand attributes of long-term care services for home-based elderly in Shanxi Province and the patterns of their evolution with disability levels，providing references for improving the long-term care insurance service catalogue and optimizing home care resource allocation. Methods A convenience sampling method was adopted to select 310 home-based elderly from 4 long-term care insurance pilot cities（Taiyuan，Linfen，Jincheng，and Changzhi） in Shanxi Province from October to December 2025. A self-developed Kano model-based long-term care service demand questionnaire was used for the survey. Demand attributes and improvement priorities for the elderly at different disability levels were identified through attribute classification，Better-Worse coefficient analysis，and importance matrix. Results A total of 310 questionnaires were distributed，and 301 valid questionnaires were collected. The demands of home-based elderly showed a shifting trend from social support to medical-nursing security as disability intensified. The normal elderly group primarily reported indifferent attributes；the mildly disabled showed a significant expansion of must-be attributes（13 items）；the moderately/severely disabled groups were dominated by one-dimensional attributes，with a surge in demand for disease management and risk prevention. Conclusion The optimization of long-term care insurance service should adopt differentiated strategies based on disability levels. It is crucial to ensure the stable supply of must-be services for the moderately to severely disabled while prioritizing the development of attractive and one-dimensional services for the mildly disabled to enhance nursing satisfaction and life quality.

Rare Disease and Critical Care

Nursing care of a patient with pleural effusion caused by tip malposition of the PICC

JIN Xianghong, CAO Xiuzhu, ZENG Xufen, ZHAO Linfang

2026, 61(16):  2261-2263.  DOI: 10.3761/j.issn.0254-1769.2026.16.014

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This article summarizes nursing care for a patient with secondary malposition of the PICC tip into the innominate vein complicated by thrombosis，followed by extravascular malposition of the catheter tip leading to pleural effusion. The nursing care included early identification of extravascular malposition；clarify the cause of extravascular malposition，and establish contingency measures；establishing an anticoagulation strategy after catheter removal. After active treatment and nursing care，the patient recovered and was discharged on the 7th day after catheter removal.

Postoperative nursing care of 2 newborns with long-gap esophageal atresia undergoing esophageal elongation

HUANG Wei, SHI Xiaoman, XU Zhengdi, WEI Wei, LU Chao, XU Jingjing, JI Jie

2026, 61(16):  2264-2269.  DOI: 10.3761/j.issn.0254-1769.2026.16.015

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This study summarized the postoperative care experiences of 2 newborns with long-gap esophageal atresia who underwent esophageal traction surgery. Key points of care included：strengthening postural care and the evaluation of traction suture；strengthening sedation and analgesia management to maintain stability of the traction system; enhancing skin care around the traction lines to avoid pressure injuries；applying continuous low negative pressure drainage of the proximal esophagus to prevent aspiration pneumonia; implementing refined pulmonary care protocols with absolute traction line safety；enhancing feeding care to achieve complete oral feeding as early as possible； providing diverse forms of continuous care to empower the family of sick children. Through meticulous treatment and care by a multidisciplinary team，both infants recovered and were discharged from the hospital at 58 and 44 days after esophageal traction surgery，with satisfactory follow-up outcome.

Evidence Synthesis Research

Meta-synthesis of qualitative studies on home care needs of parents of children after congenital heart disease surgery

XU Qi, ZHANG Xiaotong, LI Minmin

2026, 61(16):  2270-2276.  DOI: 10.3761/j.issn.0254-1769.2026.16.016

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Objective To systematically integrate qualitative studies on the home care needs of parents of children after congenital heart disease（CHD） surgery，in order to provide references for the development of family-centered care support programs. Methods A systematic search was conducted for qualitative studies on the home care needs of parents of children with CHD in databases including PubMed，Web of Science，Embase，Cochrane Library，CNKI，WanFang Database，VIP，and CBM. The search period was from the establishment of the database to January 2026. The quality of the literature was evaluated using the qualitative research appraisal criteria of the Joanna Briggs Institute（JBI） Evidence-Based Health Care Center，and the results were integrated using the pooled integration method. Results A total of 10 articles were included，from which 20 research findings were extracted and synthesized into 7 categories，ultimately forming 3 integrated findings. The core needs for child recovery and development include health information needs，caregiving skill needs，and needs for continuity and professional medical services. The living maintenance needs of parents as caregivers include needs for maintaining parents’ physical health，and parents’ economic and occupational security. The emotional and social recognition needs of parents include needs for emotional support and belonging，and needs for fair treatment by society. Conclusion Parents of children with CHD have multidimensional and multi-level care needs during home care. It is necessary to establish a hospital-community-family collaborative support mechanism，improve the information and skill training system，and strengthen psychological and social support to enhance the quality of care and family adaptation.

Review

Research progress on factors influencing early mobilization and strategies to promote it in patients following cardiac electrophysiological interventions

DAI Wei, LU Jianrong, ZHANG Lei, ZHAI Ying, ZHANG Jiajia, BAO Qing

2026, 61(16):  2277-2282.  DOI: 10.3761/j.issn.0254-1769.2026.16.017

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The safe implementation of early activity for patients after cardiac electrophysiological interventions is influenced by the effectiveness of femoral vascular access-site hemostasis and closure，sheath size，anticoagulation status，and the risk of vascular complications. This article provides a review of manual compression combined with pressure bandaging，figure-of-eight suture，and the use of vascular closure devices，as well as the appropriate scenarios，limitations，and key decision-making factors for these different strategies. It also offers recommendations regarding surgical techniques and risk stratification，key nursing observation points，guidance on phased early mobilization，and follow-up care，aiming to provide a reference for the safe implementation of early activity and the optimization of nursing decision-making for patients after cardiac electrophysiological interventions.

Application of wearable sensor devices in non-speaking ICU patients：a scoping review

LIAN Yuqing, FENG Feng, KONG Li, CHEN Mengyu, ZHANG Jie, BAI Yunfei, YANG Shuo

2026, 61(16):  2283-2289.  DOI: 10.3761/j.issn.0254-1769.2026.16.018

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Objective To conduct a scoping review on the application of wearable sensor devices in non-speaking ICU patients，so as to provide a reference for developing nursing interventions to meet the communication needs of ICU patients. Methods Using the scoping review methodology as a guide，a systematic search was performed in PubMed，Web of Science，Embase，CINAHL，Cochrane Library，Wanfang database，CNKI，VIP database，and China Biomedical Literature Database for relevant studies on the application of wearable sensor devices for communication needs in non-speaking ICU patients. The search period was from the establishment of the databases to April 22，2026. The retrieved literature was screened，summarized，extracted，and analyzed. Results A total of 10 articles were included. The wearable sensor devices used mainly included wearable tracking devices，wearable electronic larynges，and brain-computer interfaces. They were used to meet the communication needs of non-speaking ICU patients in 4 aspects：physiological needs，safety needs，love and belonging needs，and esteem needs. The outcome measures covered clinical status assessment，patient-related indicators，feasibility evaluation，etc. However，the application of wearable sensing devices still faces some challenges. Conclusion Wearable sensor devices can meet the basic needs of expression and simple interaction of non-speaking ICU patients，but they have certain requirements for patients’ cognition and are still in the clinical exploration stage.

Application of interactive digital interventions for preoperative anxiety in children undergoing elective surgery：a scoping review

ZHANG Chunjin, YUAN Xinyuan, YU Yunhong, LIU Yang, QU Xi, CHEN Hong

2026, 61(16):  2290-2296.  DOI: 10.3761/j.issn.0254-1769.2026.16.019

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Objective To map the device types，content elements，assessment tools，and assessment time points of interactive digital interventions for preoperative anxiety in children undergoing elective surgery，and to provide evidence for alleviating preoperative anxiety and informing nursing care. Methods Guided by the updated JBI methodology for scoping reviews，we systematically searched PubMed，Embase，Web of Science，Scopus，the Cochrane Library，CNKI，WanFang Data，and the Chinese Biomedical Literature Database from inception to June 18，2025. Randomized controlled trials investigating interactive digital interventions to prevent preoperative anxiety in pediatric patients undergoing elective surgery were included. Eligible studies were screened and synthesized. Results A total of 18 studies from 11 countries were included，involving children aged 1-13 years. The primary intervention platforms were mobile smart devices，followed by virtual reality devices，handheld gaming consoles，internet-based interactive programs，computer-based interactive programs，and multimedia resources. The intervention content prima-rily encompassed orientation to procedures and scenarios，explanations of equipment and roles，sensory and situational rehearsal，emotion regulation and coping skills training，as well as entertaining games. The modified Yale Preoperative Anxiety Scale was the most commonly used assessment tool. Conclusion Interactive digital interventions encompass a wide range of device types and content components and have demonstrated potential in alleviating preoperative anxiety in children. However，there was considerable heterogeneity in the outcome measurement tools and assessment time points across studies. Future research should further adopt age-specific designs for different pediatric age groups，and incorporate more gamification elements to enhance children’s engagement.

A scoping review of longitudinal studies on symptom clusters and core symptoms in chemotherapy patients with central nervous system lymphoma

WANG Yunhua, XIE Caiqin, FENG Xiaowei, DUAN Haoran, HAO Fangfang, ZHANG Ying, FENG Xiuqin

2026, 61(16):  2297-2304.  DOI: 10.3761/j.issn.0254-1769.2026.16.020

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Objective To conduct a scoping review of symptom clusters and core symptoms in patients with central nervous system lymphoma（CNSL） during chemotherapy to provide references for clinical symptom management and practice. Methods Following scoping review guidelines，systematic searches were performed in domestic and international databases and relevant guideline websites from inception to January 20，2026. A total of 2 researchers independently screened the retrieved records，extracted relevant data，and performed analyses. Results A total of 10 studies were included，from which 18 symptom clusters and 7 core symptoms were identified. The most frequent assessment time points across the included studies were after the first，third，and sixth chemotherapy cycles. 12 assessment tools were used，including 8 symptom assessment tools，2 quality-of-life assessment tools，and 2 functional assessment of cancer therapy tools. Based on the frequency of symptom clusters reported in the literature，the top 3 were gastrointestinal symptom cluster，fatigue related side effects symptom cluster，and psychological symptom cluster. The core symptoms that remained stable throughout chemotherapy were fatigue，sleep disturbance，and numbness/tingling. Conclusion The longitudinal research on symptom clusters and core symptoms in CNSL patients receiving chemotherapy is still in its early stages. Most studies concentrated on the induction chemotherapy phase and used generic assessment tools，leading to significant heterogeneity in the types and trajectories of symptom clusters and core symptoms. Future studies should optimize assessment instruments，extend follow-up periods，and further explore the interaction mechanisms between symptom clusters and core symptoms，so as to guide clinical nurses in delivering precise symptom management.