Abstract:

Objective To systematically integrate qualitative studies on the home care needs of parents of children after congenital heart disease（CHD） surgery，in order to provide references for the development of family-centered care support programs. Methods A systematic search was conducted for qualitative studies on the home care needs of parents of children with CHD in databases including PubMed，Web of Science，Embase，Cochrane Library，CNKI，WanFang Database，VIP，and CBM. The search period was from the establishment of the database to January 2026. The quality of the literature was evaluated using the qualitative research appraisal criteria of the Joanna Briggs Institute（JBI） Evidence-Based Health Care Center，and the results were integrated using the pooled integration method. Results A total of 10 articles were included，from which 20 research findings were extracted and synthesized into 7 categories，ultimately forming 3 integrated findings. The core needs for child recovery and development include health information needs，caregiving skill needs，and needs for continuity and professional medical services. The living maintenance needs of parents as caregivers include needs for maintaining parents’ physical health，and parents’ economic and occupational security. The emotional and social recognition needs of parents include needs for emotional support and belonging，and needs for fair treatment by society. Conclusion Parents of children with CHD have multidimensional and multi-level care needs during home care. It is necessary to establish a hospital-community-family collaborative support mechanism，improve the information and skill training system，and strengthen psychological and social support to enhance the quality of care and family adaptation.

Key words: Congenital Heart Disease, Parents, Home Care, Needs, Qualitative Research, Meta-Synthesis, Evidence-Based Nursing

摘要：

目的 系统评价和整合先天性心脏病（congenital heart disease，CHD）术后患儿父母居家照护需求的质性研究，为制订以家庭为中心的照护支持方案提供参考。 方法 系统检索PubMed、Web of Science、Embase、Cochrane Library、中国知网、万方数据库、维普数据库、中国生物医学文献数据库中有关CHD术后患儿父母居家照护需求的质性研究，检索时限为建库至2026年1月。采用澳大利亚乔安娜布里格斯研究所循证卫生保健中心质性研究质量评价标准对研究进行方法学质量评价，运用汇集性整合方法进行结果整合。 结果 共纳入10篇文献，提炼出20个研究结果，归纳为7个类别，形成3个整合结果。①患儿康复与发展的核心需求，包括疾病相关信息需求、照护技能需求、延续性与专业性医疗服务需求；②作为照护者的生活维持需求，包括生理健康维护需求、经济与职业保障需求；③情感与社会认同需求，包括情感支持需求、被社会公平对待的需求。 结论 CHD患儿父母在居家照护过程中存在多维度、多层次的照护需求，需构建医院-社区-家庭协同的支持机制，完善信息与技能培训体系，加强心理与社会支持，以提升照护质量与家庭适应能力。

关键词: 先天性心脏病, 父母, 居家照护, 需求, 质性研究, Meta整合, 循证护理学