Abstract:

Objective To conduct a scoping review of research on theory evaluation criteria in the nursing field，aiming to provide a reference for the scientific evaluation and practical translation of nursing theories. Methods Following the Arksey and O’Malley scoping review framework，a systematic search was conducted across Chinese and international literature databases about theoretical evaluation criteria literature in the field of nursing，covering the period from their inception to October 2025. Thematic analysis was used to summarize and synthesize the included literature. Results A total of 75 studies were included. The development of nursing theory evaluation criteria evolved through 3 stages，namely exploration and reference， systematic and diversified development， and focusing on the evaluation criteria of the development domain theory. The evaluation content primarily encompasses 2 dimensions，namely internal analysis（e.g.，logicality，clarity） and external testing （e.g.，utility，testability）. Application analysis revealed that current research predominantly focuses on evaluating middle-range theories using classic criteria such as Walker & Avant and Fawcett，yet comprehensive and systematic application of evaluation standards remains limited. Conclusion A foundational framework for nursing theory evaluation has been established，but gaps persist in its systematic application and empirical validation. Future efforts should promote the contextualized use of evaluation criteria and advance the development of localized tools alongside cross-cultural adaptation studies.

Key words: Theory Evaluation, Nursing Theory, Evaluation Criteria, Scoping Review

摘要：

目的 对护理领域理论评价标准的相关研究进行范围综述，以期为护理理论的科学评价与实践转化提供参考。方法 根据Arksey和O’Malley的范围综述框架，系统检索中外文献数据库中关于护理领域理论评价标准的相关文献，检索时限为建库至2025年10月。采用主题分析法对纳入文献进行归纳总结。结果 共纳入75篇文献。护理理论评价标准的发展经历了从探索与借鉴、系统化与多元化发展、聚焦发展中域理论评价标准3个阶段。评价内容主要涵盖理论内部分析（逻辑一致性、清晰性等）与外部检验（实用性、可测试性等）2个维度。研究多集中于评价中域理论，并主要采用Walker和Avant、Fawcett等学者的经典理论评价标准，但完整、系统地应用评价标准的研究仍较少。结论 当前护理领域理论评价标准体系已初步形成，但在系统应用和实证验证方面仍有不足。未来应加强评价标准的情境化应用，并推动本土化工具开发与跨文化适应性研究。

关键词: 理论评价, 护理理论, 评价标准, 范围综述