Abstract:

Objective To describe the status and influencing factors of psychological distress in older people living with HIV in Shanghai. Methods Convenience sampling was used to select HIV patients with the age of 50 years old and above who attended follow-up visits at the voluntary counselling & testing clinic in Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center from December 2022 to October 2023. Data were collected using a general information questionnaire，HIV disclosure questionnaire，Distress Thermometer and Lubben Social Network Scale-6. Binary logistic regression was employed to analyze the factors influencing psychological distress. Results The prevalence of psychological distress among 332 participants was 105 cases（31.6%）. The top 3 items selected by participants in Psychological Distress Problem List were insurance/financial issues，worry and sleep，relationship with children. Factors associated with a higher level of psychological distress included lower monthly income，not HIV disclosure and higher levels of social isolation. Conclusion Psychological distress among older people living with HIV remains to be further reduced，and it is affected by many factors. Health care providers should pay more attention to psychological distress among older HIV patients，and develop targeted intervention according to relevant influencing factors，aiming to reduce their psychological distress.

Key words: HIV, Aged, Psychological Distress, Root Cause Analysis, Psychological Nursing

摘要：

目的 调查老年HIV感染者心理痛苦的现状，并分析其影响因素。方法 通过便利抽样的方法，选取2022年 12月—2023年10月在上海市艾滋病定点诊疗机构艾滋病自愿咨询检测门诊定期随访年龄≥50岁的HIV感染者365例作为调查对象。使用一般资料调查表、HIV告知情况问卷、心理痛苦温度计、Lubben社会网络量表进行调查。采用二元Logistics回归分析探索老年HIV感染者心理痛苦的影响因素。结果 最终纳入老年HIV感染者332例，105例（31.6%）存在心理痛苦。心理痛苦相关因素排名前3的条目分别是经济问题、担忧及睡眠、与孩子相处。二元Logistics回归分析结果显示，月收入<3 000元、HIV感染未告知、存在社会隔离是老年HIV感染者发生心理痛苦的影响因素（P<0.05）。结论 老年HIV感染者的心理痛苦有待进一步改善。临床医护人员应关注老年HIV感染者心理痛苦水平，并针对影响因素制订有效的干预策略，以降低老年HIV感染者的心理痛苦程度。

关键词: 人类免疫缺陷病毒, 老年人, 心理痛苦, 影响因素分析, 心理护理学