Abstract:

Objective To identify the specific intervention content,methods and effects of exercises,so as to provide the guidance for future research.Methods A literature search was performed in the CNKI,Wanfang,CBM,the Cochrane Library,PubMed and Embase to identify relevant studies. The included studies were summarized and analyzed.Results Totally 25 studies were included,of which 9 were randomized controlled trials and 16 were quasi-experimental studies. The results showed that exercise methods can be divided into 3 categories,namely aerobic exercise,resistance exercise and flexibility exercise. The intensity of exercise was mostly low to moderate. The frequency of exercise was mostly 3~5 times per week,lasting for 30-60 minutes per session. The results showed that exercises had positive effects on respiratory function,exercise ability,quality of life and mental health of lung transplant patients.Conclusion Exercise intervention is holistic,dynamic and comprehensive,with a positive effect on lung transplant patients. Future research should focus on exploring the best exercise intervention strategies,formulating standardized and unified evaluation standards,and formulating scientific,applicable and standardized exercise training programs for lung transplant patients based on the condition and physical function of lung transplant patients.

Key words: Lung Transplantation, Exercise, Scoping Review, Rehabilitation Nursing

摘要：

目的 系统分析运动干预在肺移植患者康复中应用的相关研究,识别运动干预的具体内容、结局指标和应用效果,以期为医护人员开展相关干预提供参考。方法 根据范围综述的研究方法,计算机检索中国知网、万方数据库、中国生物医学文献数据库、Cochrane Library、PubMed、Embase等国内外数据库,检索时限为建库至2021年6月28日。对纳入文献进行筛选、汇总和分析。结果 共纳入25篇文献,其中9篇随机对照试验,16篇类实验研究。运动类型包括有氧运动、抗阻力运动和柔韧性运动;运动强度多为轻中度,频率多为3~5次/周,30~60 min/次。运动干预对肺移植患者的呼吸功能、活动能力、生活质量、心理状态具有积极意义。结论 运动干预具有整体性、动态性和综合性,对肺移植患者有积极的应用效果。未来研究应注重探究最佳的运动干预策略、制订规范统一的评价标准,依据肺移植患者的病情和身体功能状态,制订科学、适用和规范的肺移植患者运动干预方案。

关键词: 肺移植, 运动, 范围综述, 康复护理