Abstract:

Objective The purpose of the study is to describe the current condition of fluid intake compliance in maintenance hemodialysis patients in Macao China and to explore its influencing factors. Methods A cross-sectional descriptive research design and convenience sampling were used. Data was collected from 230 patients on maintenance hemodialysis in a hospital in Macao during February to April 2020. The research instruments included the demographic and clinical data questionnaire, Fluid Intake Compliance Scale, Self-efficacy Scale and Social Support Rating Scale. SPSS 22.0 Software was used for statistical analysis. Results Among the 230 patients, 26.1% of them fell into the non-compliance category（interdialytic weight gain, IDWG>5%）. The average score of Fluid Intake Compliance Scale was at a medium level（14.24±5.49）. The average scores of Self-efficacy Scale and Social Support Rating Scale were also at a medium level. The correlation analysis showed that the higher the self-efficacy and social support scores,the better the IDWG（P<0.05）. Multivariate logistic regression model analysis suggested that patient’s self-efficacy and age were the influencing factors of fluid intake compliance in hemodialysis patients. Conclusion The compliance of fluid intake in maintenance hemodialysis patients in Macao is good,but patients with lower self-efficacy and younger age should be paid more attention.Nurses should provide individualized health education for patients and families to promote the patients’ self-efficacy and social support,so that they can be compliant with the fluid intake management well.

Key words: Hemodialysis, Compliance, Root Cause Analysis, Self-Efficacy, Social Support, Nursing Care

摘要：

目的 描述中国澳门地区维持性血液透析患者液体摄入依从性的现状,并探讨其影响因素。 方法 采用便利抽样法,选取2020年2月1日—4月30日在中国澳门地区某医院血液透析中心进行维持性血液透析治疗的230例患者作为研究对象。采用社会人口学资料和临床情况调查表、液体摄入依从性量表、慢性病管理自我效能量表和社会支持评定量表等进行问卷调查。采用SPSS 22.0对数据进行统计学分析。 结果 230例患者中,平均透析间期体重增加相对值>5%的患者占26.1%。液体摄入依从性量表得分为（14.24±5.49）分,处于中等水平。自我效能和社会支持得分均属中等水平,相关分析结果显示,患者的自我效能及社会支持水平越高,其透析间期体重控制越好（P<0.05）。多因素Logistic回归分析结果提示,患者的自我效能总分、年龄是血液透析患者透析间期体重控制的影响因素。 结论 中国澳门地区维持性血液透析患者的透析间期液体管理效果较好,患者液体摄入依从性为中等水平,自我效能、年龄较低的患者需重点关注。护理人员应针对患者及家属制订个性化的液体管理计划,以提高患者的自我效能,增强其社会支持,进一步改善其液体管理。

关键词: 血液透析, 依从性, 影响因素分析, 自我效能, 社会支持, 护理