Abstract:

Objective To conduct a comprehensive review of the intervention studies of different exercise methods in elderly patients with sarcopenic obesity at home and abroad，with the aim of providing a reference for future related research. Methods Based on the methodological framework of the Joanna Briggs Institute Evidence-Based Health Care Center’s comprehensive review guidelines in Australia，a systematic search was conducted in 8 domestic and international databases for research on the application of exercise interventions in the elderly population with sarcopenic obesity. The retrieval period is from the establishment of the databases to November 4，2025. The included literature was screened，summarized and analyzed. Results A total of 15 articles were included. The types of the involved exercise include resistance exercise，aerobic exercise，water sports，resistance combined with aerobic exercise，resistance combined with blood flow restriction，and resistance combined with nutrition. The duration of the research intervention was mostly 12 to 16 weeks；the frequency of intervention was mostly 2 to 3 times per week；the exercise time was mostly 30 to 60 minutes each time. The main tools for monitoring exercise intensity are the Borg Subjective Exertion Scale，the Subjective Fatigue Scale，and wearable devices. The outcome indicators involve 6 aspects，namely body composition，muscle strength，physical function，physiology and biochemistry，quality of life，and psychological state. Conclusion The exercise intervention has shown good practical value in elderly patients with sarcopenic obesity. However，there are still differences in the evaluation of outcome indicators and the unified intensity monitoring standards for exercise intervention. In the future，personalized exercise intervention plans should be formulated based on patients’ physical conditions，and scientific，safe and standardized exercise management and health monitoring should be carried out.

Key words: Aged, Sarcopenic Obesity, Exercise Intervention, Scoping Review, Evidence-Based Nursing

摘要：

目的 对国内外不同运动方式在老年肌少性肥胖患者中的干预研究进行范围综述，以期为今后开展相关研究提供参考。方法 以澳大利亚乔安娜布里格斯研究所循证卫生保健中心范围综述指南为方法学框架，系统检索8个国内外数据库中关于运动干预在老年肌少性肥胖患者中的应用研究。检索时限为建库至2025年11月4日。对纳入文献进行筛选、汇总并分析。结果 共纳入15篇文献。涉及的运动类型包括抗阻运动、有氧运动、水中运动、抗阻运动联合有氧运动、抗阻运动联合血流限制、抗阻运动联合营养补充。研究干预时长多为12~16周，干预频次多为2~3次/周，运动时间多为每次30~60 min；运动强度监测工具主要为Borg主观用力量表、主观疲劳量表、可穿戴设备。结局指标涉及身体成分、肌肉力量、身体功能、生理生化指标、生活质量、心理状态6个方面。结论 运动干预应用于老年肌少性肥胖患者中表现出较好的实践价值，但在结局指标评价及运动干预统一的强度监测标准中仍存在差异。未来应结合患者身体状况，制订个性化的运动干预方案，并开展科学安全、规范化的运动管理与健康监测。

关键词: 老年人, 肌少性肥胖, 运动干预, 范围综述, 循证护理学