Abstract:

Objective To explore the lived experiences of children with cancer in communicating with their parents about their illness from children’s perspectives，in order to provide a basis for constructing personalized parent-child communication intervention programs. Methods A descriptive phenomenological study was conducted using semi-structured interviews with 21 children（aged 8~17 years） from the pediatric surgical oncology and hematological oncology departments of a tertiary grade A children’s hospital in Shanghai. The data were analyzed using Colaizzi’s seven-step phenomenological analysis. Results 4 themes were extracted：①acceptance and isolation：information exchange in parent-child illness communication. ②expression and suppression：emotional interaction in parent-child illness communication. ③expectation and ambivalence：future planning in parent-child illness communication. ④craving and anxiety：information needs in parent-child illness communication. Conclusion The illness communication between children with cancer and their parents demonstrated a dynamic balance of disclosure and silence. This reflects the children’s information needs and emotional demands，as well as the unique patterns of parent-child interaction in the context of illness. Future research could focus on the evolving communication needs of children at different stages of illness and explore child-centered，personalized guidance for communication about the disease between parents and children. This could promote high-quality dialogue between parents and children about the illness，thereby enhancing the children’s psychological well-being and improving the quality of family care.

Key words: Cancer, Illness Communication, Parent-Child Communication, Descriptive Phenomenology, Qualitative Research, Pediatric Nursing

摘要：

目的 从患儿视角探索癌症患儿与父母病情沟通的真实体验，为构建个性化亲子病情沟通干预方案提供依据。方法 应用描述性现象学研究方法，采用目的抽样法，选取2024年9月—2025年3月上海市某三级甲等儿童专科医院肿瘤外科及血液肿瘤科收治的21例8~17岁癌症患儿进行半结构式访谈，运用Colaizzi 7步分析法对资料进行分析。结果 共提炼出4个主题。①接纳与隔绝：亲子病情沟通中的信息交流。②表达与压抑：亲子病情沟通中的情感互动。③期待与迷茫：亲子病情沟通中的未来规划。④渴望与担忧：亲子病情沟通中的知情需求。结论 癌症患儿与父母的病情沟通呈现交流与沉默的动态平衡，反映出患儿在疾病情境下的知情诉求、情感需求及亲子间独特的互动模式。未来研究可关注癌症患儿在疾病不同阶段的病情沟通需求变化，探索以患儿需求为导向的个性化亲子病情沟通指导方案，促进高质量亲子病情交流，提升患儿心理调适与家庭照护水平。

关键词: 癌症, 病情沟通, 亲子沟通, 描述性现象学, 质性研究, 儿科护理学