Abstract:

Objective To understand the proficiency level and sources of Traditional Chinese Medicine（TCM） health education among hemodialysis patients，in order to provide the basis for promoting the application of TCM nursing in hemodialysis patients. Methods Utilizing a convenience sampling approach，we conducted a survey from April to May 2023 involving hemodialysis patients from 7 tertiary TCM hospitals across Beijing，Hebei Province，Sichuan Province，and other regions. Custom-made questionnaires were utilized，gathering general information，responses concerning the level of mastery on TCM health education，and their primary sources of such knowledge. Results A total of 413 questionnaires were disseminated，and 392 proved valid，yielding a valid response rate of 94.92%. The score of patient’s knowledge on TCM health education averaged（8.25±3.73），and an average score rate of 48.53% was obtained. In the patients undergoing hemodialysis，a relatively larger number of people possess knowledge of TCM health knowledge about relieving symptoms（50.8%~55.9%） and traditional Chinese daily life routines（56.4%~90.1%）. However，fewer people are aware of how to use the five-tone therapy method for emotional inter-vention （40.8%） and principle of taking restorative Traditional Chinese Medicine （24.5%~36.7%），the dietary prin-ciples of “nurturing yang in spring and summer, and nurturing yin in autumn and winter” （14.3%），and theories of TCM kidney functions （9.9%）. Approximately 23.0% of the patients sourced their TCM health education knowledge from new media platforms. Compared with new media method alone，patients who utilized only traditional educational platforms（P=0.020），and those who combined both new media and traditional methods（P=0.018） demonstrated higher proficiency in TCM health education. Conclusion Hemodialysis caregivers are urged to develop a TCM health education framework that emphasizes emotional well-being and traditional wellness concepts，thereby fostering patient-centric TCM health ideologies. Hemodialysis education personnel are encouraged to leverage new media whilst ensuring education quality and effective outcomes.

Key words: Hemodialysis, Kidney Disease, Health Education, Cross-Sectional Studies, Traditional Chinese Medicine Nursing Care

摘要：

目的 了解血液透析患者中医健康知识的掌握水平和获取途径，为推进中医护理在血液透析患者中的应用提供依据。 方法 采用便利抽样法，于2023年4月—5月，对北京市、河北省、四川省等省市7所三级中医医院进行血液透析的患者，使用自行编制问卷，包括患者一般资料、中医健康知识掌握水平调查表和中医健康知识获取途径调查表开展调查。 结果 共发放问卷413份，回收有效问卷392份，有效问卷回收率为94.92%。血液透析患者中医健康知识得分为（8.25±3.73）分，平均得分率为48.53%。在血液透析患者中，掌握关于缓解症状的中医健康知识（50.8%~55.9%）和中医起居知识（56.4%~90.1%）的人数相对较多，而了解如何利用五音疗法实施情志干预（40.8%）、补益类药物服用原则（24.5%~36.7%）、“春夏养阳，秋冬养阴”饮食原则（14.3%）和中医肾脏理论（9.9%）的人数相对较少。23.0%的血液透析患者曾通过新媒体途径获取中医健康知识。相较于单纯使用新媒体途径，单纯使用传统健康教育途径（P=0.020）和联合使用新媒体及传统途径（P=0.018）的患者中医健康知识掌握水平较高。 结论 护理人员应完善血液透析患者的中医健康宣教体系，注重情志护理及中医养生知识的宣教，培养患者的中医健康观念，并积极利用新媒体等健康教育途径，确保健康教育质量和效果。

关键词: 血液透析, 肾疾病, 健康教育, 横断面研究, 中医护理学