Abstract:

Objective To search，analyze and summarize the relevant evidence of exercise of maintenance hemodialysis（MHD） patients，aiming to provide evidence of exercise management of MHD patients for clinical staff. Methods Based on the pyramid model of evidence，the relevant literature including exercise of MHD patients was searched by computer，including UpToDate，BMJ Best Practice，guidelines collaboration network，Joanna Briggs Institute，Cochrane Library，well-known databases at home and abroad，and renal professional association websites. The search time was from January 1，2017 to January 31，2022. There were 2 trained researchers in systematic evidence-based knowledge who evaluated the quality of the literature，combined with clinical judgment，selected the literature that met the inclusion and exclusion criteria，and extracted the evidence. Results A total of 10 articles were included and summarized as the best evidence，including 3 guidelines，2 expert consensuses，1 JBI recommended practice，3 JBI evidence summaries，and 1 systematic review. 35 pieces of best evidence were integrated，covering 7 aspects of MHD exercise management，namely the benefits of exercise，organizational management，exercise qualification screening，exercise medical evaluation，exercise prescipition management，the safety monitoring of exercise and exercise support plan. Conclusion The evidence of exercise of MHD patients provides effective standards for clinical staff. It is suggested that targeted evidence should be selected in combination with clinical situations，promoting factors，hindering factors and patients’ wishes when the evidence is applied.

Key words: Maintenance Hemodialysis, Exercise, Evidence-Based Nursing, Evidence Summary

摘要：

目的 检索、分析与汇总维持性血液透析患者运动的相关证据，为医护人员对维持性血液透析患者进行运动管理提供循证依据。 方法 依照证据“6S”金字塔模型检索相关文献，计算机检索UpToDate、BMJ Best Practice、全球各指南网站、澳大利亚乔安娜布里格斯研究所循证卫生保健中心数据库、Cochrane Library、中英文相关数据库以及肾脏病专业协会网站关于维持性血液透析患者运动的所有证据。检索时限为2017年1月1日—2022年1月31日。由2名循证护理研究者对文献质量进行评价，并结合临床情境，提取符合标准的相关证据。 结果 共纳入10篇文献，包括3篇指南、2篇专家共识、1篇推荐实践、3篇证据总结、1篇系统评价，从运动获益、组织管理、运动资格筛查、运动医学评估、运动处方实施、运动安全监测、持续支持计划等7个方面汇总了35条最佳证据。 结论 该研究总结的证据为规范维持性血液透析患者运动行为提供借鉴，为医护人员结合临床具体情景，依据证据的促进因素、障碍因素和患者的意愿等情况选择证据提供依据。

关键词: 维持性血液透析, 运动, 循证护理学, 证据总结