关键词: 维持性血液透析, 社会疏离感, 护理, 范围综述

Abstract:

Objective To conduct a scoping review of the psychological experiences，influencing factors，and intervention strategies related to social isolation among patients undergoing maintenance hemodialysis，with the aim of informing future research and clinical practice. Methods According to the scoping review framework，relevant literature was systematically retrieved，with the search period extending from the database inception to September 3，2025. The included studies were summarized and analyzed. Results A total of 16 studies were included，comprising 3 qualitative studies，11 cross-sectional studies，and 2 intervention studies. The main psychological experiences include social avoidance，self-isolation，role weakening，and a sense of isolation within the healthcare system. The influencing factors cover multiple dimensions，including demographic data，disease-related information，and psychosocial factors，with some studies showing heterogeneous results. Intervention strategies involve family-oriented acceptance and commitment therapy and group-based mindfulness interventions，both of which were shown to alleviate social isolation and improve psychological well-being. Conclusion Research on social isolation among maintenance hemodialysis patients remains in its preliminary stage. The influencing factors are complex，and the underlying mechanisms remain incompletely elucidated，while intervention strategies are relatively limited. Future studies should focus on developing disease-specific assessment tools，establishing early identification models，and conducting longitudinal and interventional research，in order to generate robust evidence that supports social reintegration and enhances quality of life for this patient population.

Key words: Maintenance Hemodialysis, Social Alienation, Nursing Care, Scoping Review