营养不良或存在营养不良风险与老年人抑郁关系的Meta分析

doi:10.3761/j.issn.0254-1769.2025.23.015

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

目的探讨营养不良或存在营养不良风险与老年人抑郁的相关性，为预防和延缓老年人抑郁的发生及发展提供参考。方法系统检索中国知网、中国生物医学文献数据库、维普数据库、万方数据库、PubMed、Cochrane Library、Web of Science、Embase数据库，检索时限为建库至2025年2月，依据纳入和排除标准筛选文献并进行质量评价，使用RevMan软件对提取的资料进行分析。结果共纳入17篇文献。Meta分析显示营养不良[OR=2.58，95%CI（1.84~3.60），P<0.001]、存在营养不良风险[OR=2.31，95%CI（1.56~3.41），P<0.001]会增加老年人抑郁的发生风险。亚组分析发现，使用不同方式评定营养不良可能是营养不良与老年人抑郁相关的异质性来源；使用老年营养风险指数量表时，存在营养不良风险与老年人抑郁的相关性与正常人比较，差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）；其余亚组分析显示，存在营养不良风险均会增加老年人抑郁发生的风险（P<0.05）。结论营养不良或存在营养不良风险会增加老年人抑郁的风险，早期营养干预对延缓老年人抑郁的发生及发展具有重要意义。

关键词: 老年人, 营养不良, 营养不良风险, 抑郁, 系统综述, 老年护理

Abstract:

Objective To explore the correlation between malnutrition and malnutrition risk and depression in the elderly，and to provide a reference for preventing and delaying the occurrence and development of depression in the elderly. Methods CNKI，China Biomedical Literature Database，VIP，Wanfang，PubMed，Cochrane Library，Web of Science，and Embase were systematically searched from inception to February 2025. The studies were screened for inclusion and quality assessment，and the extracted data were analysed using RevMan software. Results A total of 17 articles were included. Meta-analysis showed that malnutrition[OR=2.58，95%CI（1.84，3.60），P<0.001] and risks of malnutrition[OR=2.31，95%CI（1.56，3.41），P<0.001] increased the risk of depression in older adults. Subgroup analysis of study design，study region，source of study subjects，and nutritional status assessment methods showed that the use of different methods to assess malnutrition may be the source of heterogeneity in the association between malnutrition and depression in the elderly. Among the subgroups with the association between malnutrition risk and geriatric depression，there was no significant difference in the correlation between malnutrition risk and depression in the elderly when the GNRI scale was used（P>0.05），and the presence of malnutrition risk increased the risk of depression in the elderly in the other subgroups（P<0.05）. Conclusion Malnutrition or the presence of malnutrition risk can increase the risk of depression in the elderly，and early nutritional intervention is of great significance to delay the occurrence and development of depression in the elderly.

Key words: Aged, Malnutrition, Risk of Malnutrition, Depression, Systematic Review, Geriatric Nursing

孟涵, 张红梅, 陶琳, 易银萍. 营养不良或存在营养不良风险与老年人抑郁关系的Meta分析[J]. 中华护理杂志, 2025, 60(23): 2922-2928.

MENG Han, ZHANG Hongmei, TAO Lin, YI Yinping. Meta-analyses of the relationship between malnutrition or presence of malnutrition risk and depression in older adults[J]. Chinese Journal of Nursing, 2025, 60(23): 2922-2928.

图/表 3

表1 纳入研究的基本特征及文献质量评价（n=17）

Table 1 Basic characteristics of the included studies and evaluation of literature quality（n=17）

表2 营养不良与老年人抑郁相关性的亚组分析

Table 2 Subgroup analysis of the association between malnutrition and depression in the elderly

表3 存在营养不良风险与老年人抑郁相关性的亚组分析

Table 3 Subgroup analysis of the association between malnutrition risk and depression in older adults

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