中青年脊髓损伤患者伤残接受度现状及影响因素分析

doi:10.3761/j.issn.0254-1769.2025.18.009

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

目的调查中青年脊髓损伤患者伤残接受度现状并分析其影响因素，为护理管理者制订针对性干预措施提供依据。方法采用便利抽样法，选取2024年2—7月在河南省3所三级甲等医院住院的330例中青年脊髓损伤患者为调查对象，采用一般资料调查表、缩小版伤残接受度量表修订版、领悟社会支持量表、心理韧性量表简版、简易疾病感知问卷和医学应对方式问卷进行调查。结果最终纳入322例中青年脊髓损伤患者，有效问卷回收率为97.58%。中青年脊髓损伤患者伤残接受度得分为（25.99±6.68）分。多元线性回归分析结果显示，性别、文化程度、瘫痪类型、损伤时间、疼痛程度、社会支持、心理韧性、疾病感知、面对及屈服应对方式是影响患者伤残接受度的因素（P<0.05）。结论中青年脊髓损伤患者的伤残接受度处于中等水平，医护人员应重点关注男性、文化程度低、四肢瘫痪、损伤时间短、疼痛程度大、社会支持低、心理韧性弱、疾病感知强和屈服应对的患者，及时采取干预措施，提升其伤残接受度，增强康复效果，改善预后。

关键词: 脊髓损伤, 伤残接受度, 影响因素分析, 护理

Abstract:

Objective To investigate the current status of acceptance of disability（AOD） among young and middle-aged spinal cord injury patients and analyze the factors influencing it，in order to provide a basis for nursing managers to develop targeted interventions. Methods From February to July 2024，a convenience sample of 330 young and middle-aged spinal cord injury patients who were hospitalized in 3 tertiary-level hospitals in Henan Province was selected. The survey was conducted using a general information questionnaire，the Brief Adaptation to Disability Scale-Revised，Perceived Social Support Scale，Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale-10 item，Brief Illness Perception Questionnaire，Medical Coping Modes Questionnaire. Results A total of 322 patients were included in the final analysis，yielding a valid response rate of 97.58%. The AOD score for young and middle-aged spinal cord injury patients was（25.99±6.68）. Multiple linear regression analysis revealed that gender，education level，type of paralysis，injury duration，pain intensity，social support，psychological resilience，disease perception，and coping styles （confrontation and submission） were influencing factors of AOD（P<0.05）. Conclusion AOD among young and middle-aged spinal cord injury patients is at a moderate level. Healthcare professionals should pay particular attention to male patients，those with low literacy，quadriplegia，shorter injury durations，high pain intensity，low social support，weak psychological resilience，strong disease perception，and yielding coping styles. Timely interventions are recommended to enhance AOD，strengthen rehabilitation outcomes，and improve prognosis.

Key words: Spinal Cord Injury, Acceptance of Disability, Root Cause Analysis, Nursing Care

赵蕊, 吴松梅, 陈俊娴, 梁新悦, 卢钰娇, 韩二环. 中青年脊髓损伤患者伤残接受度现状及影响因素分析[J]. 中华护理杂志, 2025, 60(18): 2231-2237.

ZHAO Rui, WU Songmei, CHEN Junxian, LIANG Xinyue, LU Yujiao, HAN Erhuan. The status and influencing factors of acceptance of disability in young and middle-aged spinal cord injury patients[J]. Chinese Journal of Nursing, 2025, 60(18): 2231-2237.

图/表 4

表1 中青年脊髓损伤患者的一般资料及伤残接受度影响因素的单因素分析结果（n=322）

Table 1 Results of univariate analysis of general information and factors influencing AOD in young and middle-aged spinal cord injury patients（n=322）

表2 中青年脊髓损伤患者伤残接受度与各量表得分的相关性分析结果（n=322）

Table 2 Results of correlation analysis between AOD and scores on various scales in young and middle-aged spinal cord injury patients（n=322）

表3 自变量赋值方式

Table 3 Independent variable assignment

表4 中青年脊髓损伤患者伤残接受度影响因素的多元线性回归分析结果（n=322）

Table 4 Results of multiple linear regression analysis of factors influencing AOD in young and middle-aged spinal cord injury patients（n=322）

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