耳部刮痧在慢性肾衰竭伴恶心呕吐患者中的应用研究

doi:10.3761/j.issn.0254-1769.2025.12.004

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

目的探讨基于耳迷走神经刺激的耳部刮痧在慢性肾衰竭伴恶心呕吐患者中的应用效果。方法采用方便抽样法，选取2022年1月—2023年12月在浙江省某三级甲等中医院肾病科住院的慢性肾衰竭伴恶心呕吐患者100例作为研究对象，采用随机数字表法分为试验组和对照组，各50例，试验组在常规治疗和护理的基础上增加耳部刮痧，连续干预3 d，对照组采用常规治疗和护理。比较两组恶心呕吐症状评分、疗效指数总有效率、恶心呕吐症状改善时间、排便总次数、不良事件发生情况的差异。结果 100例均完成研究。干预后，两组恶心呕吐症状评分均低于干预前，且试验组评分低于对照组（P<0.001）；试验组疗效指数总有效率为98.00%，高于对照组的88.00%（P<0.001）。干预后，试验组恶心呕吐症状改善时间为（7.50±1.74）min，短于对照组的（13.38±2.31）min（P<0.001）；试验组排便总次数为（3.34±0.63）次，多于对照组的（2.46±0.58）次（P<0.001）；研究过程中未发生不良事件。结论基于耳迷走神经刺激的耳部刮痧有助于降低慢性肾衰竭患者恶心呕吐症状评分，提高疗效指数总有效率，缩短恶心呕吐症状改善时间，增加排便次数，且安全性高。

关键词: 慢性肾衰竭, 恶心, 呕吐, 耳部刮痧, 耳迷走神经, 中医护理学

Abstract:

Objective To explore the effectiveness of auricular Gua Sha based on auricular vagus nerve stimulation in patients with chronic renal failure accompanied by nausea and vomiting. Methods Using a convenience sampling method，100 patients with chronic renal failure and nausea and vomiting admitted to the Nephrology Department of a tertiary hospital in Zhejiang Province between January 2022 and December 2023 were selected.They were randomly divided into a test group and a control group，with 50 patients in each group.The test group received the conventional treatment and care for chronic renal failure with nausea and vomiting，along with auricular Gua Sha，with a 3-day intervention.The control group received only conventional treatment and care.The Traditional Chinese Medicine（TCM） symptom scores for nausea and vomiting，total effective rate of the efficacy index，symptom improvement time，total number of bowel movements，and adverse events were compared between the 2 groups. Results A total of 100 patients completed the study.After intervention，the scores for nausea and vomiting symptoms were lower in both groups compared to the scores before intervention，with the experimental group having lower scores than the control group（P<0.001）；the total effective rate of the experimental group was 98.00%，higher than 88.00% in the control group（P<0.001）.Following intervention，the time for improvement of nausea and vomiting symptoms in the experimental group was（7.50±1.74） minutes，shorter than（13.38±2.31） minutes in the control group（P<0.001）；the total number of bowel movements in the experimental group was（3.34±0.63） times，more than （2.46±0.58） times in the control group（P<0.001）；no adverse events occurred during the study. Conclusion Auricular Gua Sha based on auricular vagus nerve stimulation helps reduce nausea and vomiting symptom scores，improves the total effective rate of the efficacy index，shortens the symptom improvement time，increases the frequency of bowel movements，and it is safe for patients with chronic renal failure.

Key words: Chronic Renal Failure, Nausea, Vomiting, Auricular Gua Sha, Auricular Vagus Nerve, Traditional Chinese Medicine Nursing

艾丽娟, 陆姝姝, 施剑剑, 石吉芬, 叶静. 耳部刮痧在慢性肾衰竭伴恶心呕吐患者中的应用研究[J]. 中华护理杂志, 2025, 60(12): 1434-1439.

AI Lijuan, LU Shushu, SHI Jianjian, SHI Jifen, YE Jing. Application study of auricular Gua Sha in patients with chronic renal failure accompanied by nausea and vomiting[J]. Chinese Journal of Nursing, 2025, 60(12): 1434-1439.

图/表 3

表1 两组一般资料的比较

Table 1 Comparison of general information between 2 groups

表2 两组恶心呕吐症状评分的比较[分，M（P25，P75）]

Table 2 Comparison of nausea and vomiting symptom scores between 2 groups[scores，M（P25，P75）]

表3 两组干预后疗效指数的比较[例（百分率，%）]

Table 3 Comparison of efficacy index between 2 groups[cases（percentage，%）]

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