肺癌患者不同证型咳嗽耳穴贴压技术方案构建及效果研究

doi:10.3761/j.issn.0254-1769.2025.12.003

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 目的构建肺癌患者不同证型咳嗽耳穴贴压技术方案并探讨其应用效果。方法 2022年12月—2023年3月，利用专家函询法，形成针对肺癌患者不同证型咳嗽耳穴贴压技术方案。2023年7月—2024年1月，在北京市3所三级甲等中医医院肿瘤科住院患者中选取122例Ⅰ~Ⅱ期肺癌咳嗽患者，并随机分为试验组和对照组，各61例，试验组参照构建的耳穴贴压技术方案进行辨证取穴，对照组采用原耳穴贴压方案，连续干预7 d。比较两组干预前后咳嗽严重程度视觉模拟量表评分、安德森癌症症状评估量表-肺癌模块评分的差异。结果构建的方案包括3个一级条目、12个二级条目、14个三级条目。2轮函询专家权威程度系数均为0.88，肯德尔和谐系数分别为0.170、0.130（P<0.001）。所有患者均完成研究。干预后，试验组咳嗽严重程度评分为3.0（2.0，3.0）分，低于对照组的3.0（3.0，4.0）分；试验组症状评估量表评分为17.0（9.5，31.5）分，低于对照组的28.0（15.5，47.5）分，差异均具有统计学意义（P<0.05）。结论构建的耳穴贴压技术方案具有一定的科学性，可有效缓解Ⅰ~Ⅱ期肺癌患者的咳嗽严重程度，且症状群的严重程度得到改善，为中医护理干预肺癌患者咳嗽症状提供依据。

关键词: 肺肿瘤, 咳嗽, 耳穴贴压, 辨证, 中医护理学

Abstract:

Objective To construction and investigate the application effect of auricular acupressure technology in patients with cough with different syndrome types. Methods From December 2022 to March 2023，the Delphi method was used to consult experts to form a technical scheme for auricular pressure in patients with cough with different syndrome types in the early and middle stages. 122 patients with stage I and stage Ⅱ lung cancer cough from the oncology department of 3 tertiary hospitals of Traditional Chinese Medicine in Beijing between July 2023 to January 2024 were randomly divided into an experimental group（61 cases） and a control group（61 cases）. The experimental group referred to the constructed auricular acupressure technique program to identify and take acupoints, and the control group used the original auricular acupressure program for 7 d of continuous intervention. The changes in the scores of the Visual Analog Scale（VAS） and the scores of The MD Anderson Symptom Inventory for lung cancer（MDASI-LC） were observed in the 2 groups before and after the intervention. Results The final scheme included 3 first-level items，12 second-level items，and 14 third-level items. The 2 rounds of expert authority coefficients were 0.88，indicating a high degree of authority，and the Kendall harmony coefficients of the 2 rounds of correspondence were 0.170 and 0.130（P<0.001），respectively，and the results tended to be consistent. A total of 122 patients completed the study. After intervention，the VAS score of cough severity in the experimental group was 3.0（2.0，3.0） points，which was lower than 3.0（3.0，4.0） points in the control group. The MDASI-LC score of the experimental group was 17.0（9.5，31.5） points，which was lower than 28.0（15.5，47.5） points in the control group，and the difference was statistically significant（P<0.05）. Conclusion The constructed auricular acupressure technique program has certain scientificity，and it can effectively relieve cough symptoms of stage I~Ⅱ lung cancer patients，and the severity of symptom clusters has been improved，which provides the basis for TCM nursing intervention in cough symptoms of lung cancer patients.

Key words: Lung Tumor, Cough, Auricular Acupressure, Dialectic, Traditional Chinese Medicine Nursing

侯燕丽, 陆镇涛, 郭敬, 林海青, 唐新宇, 周姣媚, 王坤, 陈扬. 肺癌患者不同证型咳嗽耳穴贴压技术方案构建及效果研究[J]. 中华护理杂志, 2025, 60(12): 1427-1433.

HOU Yanli, LU Zhentao, GUO Jing, LIN Haiqing, TANG Xinyu, ZHOU Jiaomei, WANG Kun, CHEN Yang. Construction and effect of auricular acupressure in patients with cough with different syndrome types[J]. Chinese Journal of Nursing, 2025, 60(12): 1427-1433.

图/表 4

表1 肺癌患者不同证型咳嗽耳穴贴压技术方案

Table 1 Technical scheme for auricular acupressure in patients with cough from different types of lung cancer

表2 两组一般资料的比较

Table 2 Comparison of the general data of the 2 groups

表3 两组干预前后咳嗽严重程度视觉模拟量表评分的比较 [分，M（P25，P75）]

Table 3 Visual Analogue Scale scores of cough severity before and after intervention in the 2 groups [scores，M（P25，P75）]

表4 两组干预前后安德森癌症症状评估量表-肺癌模块评分的比较[分，M（P25，P75）]

Table 4 Comparison of the total score of the Multiple Symptom Assessment Scale（MDASI-LC） between the 2 groups before and after intervention[scores，M（P25，P75）]

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