结直肠癌造口患者情绪抑制的潜在剖面分析及护理启示

doi:10.3761/j.issn.0254-1769.2025.11.003

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

目的探讨结直肠癌造口患者情绪抑制的现状及潜在剖面，分析其影响因素，为制订针对性的干预方案提供依据。方法采用便利抽样法，选择2024年3月—2025年1月在安徽省某三级甲等医院肛肠外科、伤口造口门诊随访的结直肠癌造口的348例患者作为调查对象，采用一般资料调查表、情绪抑制量表、中文版知觉压力量表、中文版简易心理弹性量表、家庭关怀度指数问卷进行调查，进行潜在剖面分析、单因素分析、Logistic回归分析。结果回收有效问卷336份，结直肠癌造口患者情绪抑制得分为（30.84±10.49）分。根据情绪抑制水平分为高情绪抑制-压抑型（31.25%）、中情绪抑制-适应型（39.88%）以及低情绪抑制-过度型（28.87%）3个潜在类别。性别、居住地、家庭人均月收入、造口自我护理情况、知觉压力、心理弹性及家庭功能是结直肠癌造口患者情绪抑制的影响因素（P<0.05）。结论结直肠癌造口患者情绪抑制具有明显的群体异质性并受多种因素影响，医护人员可早期识别患者的情绪抑制类别，制订针对性的干预措施，以改善患者的情绪抑制状况。

关键词: 结直肠肿瘤, 情绪抑制, 潜在剖面分析, 影响因素分析, 护理

Abstract:

Objective This study aims to investigate the current status and potential profiles of emotional inhibition in stoma patients with colorectal cancer，to analyze the differences and influencing factors，and thereby provide a basis for the development of intervention strategies. Methods A convenience sample of 348 colorectal cancer patients with ostomies was recruited from colorectal surgery departments and ostomy outpatient clinics of a tertiary A hospital in Anhui Province. Data were collected using the General Information Questionnaire，Emotional Inhibition Scale，Chinese Perceived Stress Scale，10 item Conner Davidson Resilience Scale，and Family Care Index Questionnaire. Latent profile analysis was performed using Mplus 8.3，while univariate analysis and multivariate logistic regression analysis were conducted using SPSS 26.0. Results Valid questionnaires were collected from 336 participants（response rate 96.6%）. Colorectal cancer patients with ostomies demonstrated a mean emotional inhibition score of 30.84±10.49. Latent profile analysis identified 3 distinct emotional inhibition patterns：high inhibition-suppressive type（31.25%），moderate inhibition-adaptive type（39.88%），and low inhibition-excessive type（28.87%）. Gender，residential location，household income per capita，ostomy self-care proficiency，perceived stress levels，psychological resilience scores and family functioning status emerged as significant determinants of emotional inhibition heterogeneity among colorectal cancer patients with ostomies across distinct latent profiles（P<0.05）. Conclusion Colorectal cancer patients with ostomies exhibit significant heterogeneity in emotional inhibition profiles. Clinicians should conduct early identification of these latent classes through standardized assessments and develop tailored interventions to improve emotional inhibition outcomes in this clinical population.

Key words: Colorectal Neoplasms, Emotional Inhibition, Latent Profile Analysis, Root Cause Analysis, Nursing Care

许采颉, 徐佩丽, 潘爱红, 王悦, 吴敏, 刘芮, 吴玉艳, 赵云凤. 结直肠癌造口患者情绪抑制的潜在剖面分析及护理启示[J]. 中华护理杂志, 2025, 60(11): 1295-1301.

XU Caijie, XU Peili, PAN Aihong, WANG Yue, WU Min, LIU Rui, WU Yuyan, ZHAO Yunfeng. Latent profile analysis and nursing implications of emotional inhibition in stoma patients with colorectal cancer[J]. Chinese Journal of Nursing, 2025, 60(11): 1295-1301.

图/表 4

表1 结直肠癌造口患者的一般资料及情绪抑制潜在剖面的单因素分析

Table 1 Univariate analysis of general data and potential profiles of patients with stoma patients with colorectal cancer

表2 结直肠癌造口患者情绪抑制的潜在剖面模型拟合指标（n=336）

Table 2 Fit indicators of potential profile model for emotional inhibition in stoma patients with colorectal cancer（n=336）

图1 结直肠癌造口患者情绪抑制3个潜在剖面的特征分布

Figure 1 Characteristic distribution of 3 potential profiles of emotional inhibition in stoma patients with colorectal cancer

表3 结直肠癌造口患者情绪抑制潜在剖面的多因素分析（n=336）

Table 3 Multivariate analysis of potential profiles of emotional inhibition in stoma patients with colorectal cancer（n=336）

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