PICC置管患者出院准备度量表的编制与信效度检验

doi:10.3761/j.issn.0254-1769.2025.03.010

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

目的编制PICC置管患者出院准备度量表，并检验其信效度。方法以Meleis过渡理论为指导，通过文献回顾、质性访谈、专家函询以及预调查编制量表初稿。采用便利抽样法，选取2023年12月—2024年3月在杭州市2所三级甲等综合医院住院的PICC置管患者进行问卷调查，检验量表的信效度。结果发放问卷352份，回收有效问卷340份，有效问卷回收率为96.59%。探索性因子分析共提取出4个公因子，累计方差贡献率为80.568%。验证性因子分析结果显示，量表各评价指标均在理想范围内。量表条目水平的内容效度指数为0.79~1.00，量表水平的内容效度指数为0.96，量表总的Cronbach’s α系数为0.963，折半信度系数为0.889。以出院准备度量表为校标工具，量表总分及各维度得分与校标工具得分的相关系数分别为0.788和0.567~0.878（均P<0.05）。PICC置管患者出院准备度量表包括生理心理状况、导管维护知识、导管维护能力、社会支持4个维度，共26个条目。结论 PICC置管患者出院准备度量表具有良好的信效度，可用于评估PICC置管患者的出院准备度。

关键词: 经外周静脉置入中心静脉导管, 出院准备度, 量表, 信度, 效度, 护理

Abstract:

Objective To develop a Discharge Readiness Scale for Patients with PICC and to test its reliability and validity. Methods Based on the Meleis transition theory，the initial version of the scale was formed through literature review，qualitative interview，expert enquiry and pre-investigation. Patients with PICC in 2 tertiary hospital in Hangzhou from December 2023 to March 2024 were selected to investigate the reliability and validity of the scale by convenience sampling. Results 352 questionnaires were distributed，and 340 valid questionnaires were recovered，and the validity recovery rate was 96.59%. The exploratory factor analysis extracted 4 common factors with the cumulative variance contribution rate of 80.568%. The confirmatory factor analysis showed that all evaluation indicators of the scale were within ideal standards. The item-level content validity index ranged from 0.79 to 1.00，and the scale-level content validity index was 0.96. The total Cronbach’s α coefficient of the scale was 0.963，and the split-half reliability coefficient was 0.889. The Chinese version of the Discharge Readiness Scale was used as a calibration tool，and the correlation coefficients between the total score of the scale and the scores of each dimension and the calibration tool were 0.788 and 0.567~0.878，respectively（all P<0.05）. The Discharge Readiness Scale for Patients with PICC included 26 items in 4 dimensions including physiological and psychological status，knowledge of catheter maintenance，catheter maintenance capability and social support. Conclusion The Discharge Readiness Scale for Patients with PICC has good reliability and validity，and can be used to evaluate the level of discharge readiness among patients with PICC.

Key words: Peripherally Inserted Central Catheter, Readiness for Discharge, Scale, Reliability, Validity, Nursing Care

杨灵琪, 方小芳, 刘欣, 李益民. PICC置管患者出院准备度量表的编制与信效度检验[J]. 中华护理杂志, 2025, 60(3): 325-331.

YANG Lingqi, FANG Xiaofang, LIU Xin, LI Yimin. Development and reliability and validity test of a Discharge Readiness Scale for Patients with PICC[J]. Chinese Journal of Nursing, 2025, 60(3): 325-331.

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